To which care/knowledge domain does this video belong?

Scary ! France's most famous weather presenter @EvelyneDheliat presented a landmark prediction in 2014 on TF1 of what French weather could be like in a 2050 heatwave

Here she runs the tape back on her 2014 self and compares it with 𝐭𝐨𝐝𝐚𝐲'𝐬 actual figures👇
My English s/t pic.twitter.com/x8A50C2jNs

— Alex Taylor (@AlexTaylorNews) June 23, 2026

P.S. There isn't a domain called 'bin' but there is plenty of waste.

There isn't one called denial, or ignorance either, but you will find them in abundance too.

Rest assured (if you still can!) that each domain carries its own truth. 

RCN Congress: The Systems Table and the Missing Cog

Across two maillists: SDOH Social Determinants of Health and POHG Politics of Health Group a discussion and debate regards public health, longevity and policy, was provoked by a study:

'At least 80% responsibility for ill health in old age down to individual'

https://www.theguardian.com/society/2026/may/20/responsibility-ill-health-old-age-oxford-longevity-project-study

'... Individuals bear at least 80% of the responsibility for their ill health in old age, according to a report aimed at challenging the belief that physical decline is either inevitable or primarily the responsibility of the state.

The report, launched at the Smart Ageing Summit in Oxford last week, argues that individuals have far greater control over their longevity than is commonly understood. The authors call on the government to take legislative action on alcohol comparable to restrictions on smoking.

Living Longer, Better – the Oxford Longevity Project’s first Age-less report – was co-authored by an interdisciplinary panel of UK-based experts in medicine, physiology, ageing and education policy. It was sponsored by Oxford Healthspan.

The report’s authors, Sir Christopher Ball, Sir Muir Gray, Dr Paul Ch’en, Leslie Kenny and Prof Denis Noble, present the figure of 80% as a conservative estimate.

Ball, a 91-year-old former Parachute regiment officer who intends to reach 100, said: “Some have gone higher and said it’s approaching 90%. But I think 80% seems about fair.”The claim, however, has been described as simplistic and said to neglect wider arguments about whether people are genuinely in control of individual choices when it comes to issues including poverty, pollution and healthcare access.

Nancy Krieger, professor of social epidemiology at Harvard TH Chan school of public health, said: “The report is to be commended for rejecting genetic determinism but it problematically avoids engaging with the societal determination of health and health inequities; the role of work, economic deprivation and government policies that give corporations free rein to sell unhealthy products.”

Steven Woolf, professor of family medicine and population health and director of the Virginia Commonwealth University Center on Society and Health, agreed, saying the paper “ignores and oversimplifies the actual, multilayered root causes of the conditions that foster poor health in a population”.

Woolf added: “There are factors affecting health that are beyond personal choice. So while it’s good to give people clear guidance on how their choices affect their health, it’s taking policymakers and others off the hook.” ...'

This provides me with evidence (well it would - wouldn't it^) on the need for, the purposes, and applications of Hodges' model.

More philosophically (perhaps), I'm reminded of the work of several academics - thinkers, Michel Serres stands out for me. Serres felt that positional adverbs were important, e.g. between, above, and under.

He also wrote of life (as per many philosophers), and the universe e.g. his writings on Physics and Lucretius - as flow - a river.

For new life, the options are seemingly infinite, far, far upstream: at source - not recognisable even as a trickle... but soon a rivulet, a stream, a river of so many tributaries.

As we grow older we get closer to the sea (of the 'eternal'), the options open to us shrink gradually, but ultimately radically - inevitably.

But looking back the turbulence, uncertainty, unpredictability (trauma and joy), all contribute, not just to where we end (up) but how this came about.

Life's signature at death.

In "Hodges' Health Career Model" 'health career' refers specifically to the idea of life chances (of course) and how other careers, education, work, retirement, caring (self - others - planet) .. are impacted through life and death's course.

This morning at RCN Congress, Liverpool (the home of District Nursing) there was discussion re. nurses being engaged in preparation for the next pandemic.

So often 'Nursing' is absent from the POLITICAL / POLICY table:

• Workforce planning
• Safety
• Higher Education?
• Research funding?
• Information / Health infomatics policy?

Speaking for myself, nursing is not interested in the four-course meal, but being involved and engaged in the after dinner discourse can be critical.

Politicians, policy makers, business, management consultants and lobbyists are so quick to point to and extol the 'SYSTEMS' perspective, and the need for 'systems thinking'.

Guilty of systemic neglect, they clearly have no idea of what a system is, an inability to appreciate and apprehend scope, scale and the 'whole'.

In mitigation (or not), for all groups: voice matters. Especially the voices of foresight, balance, advocacy, Their ability to ascend always proves an issue. 

Related papers listed in the sidebar:

Jones, P. (2008) Exploring Serres’ Atlas, Hodges’ Knowledge Domains and the Fusion of Informatics and Cultural Horizons, IN Kidd, T., Chen, I. (Eds.) Social Information Technology Connecting Society and Cultural Issues, Idea Group Publishing, Inc. Chap. 7, pp. 96-109.

Jones, P. (2009) Socio-Technical Structures, the Scope of Informatics and Hodges’ model, IN, Staudinger, R., Ostermann, H., Bettina Staudinger, B. (Eds.), Handbook of Research in Nursing Informatics and Socio-Technical Structures, Idea Group Publishing, Inc. Chap. 11, pp. 160-174.

Jones, P. (2012). Exploring several dimensions of local, global and glocal using the generic conceptual framework Hodges's model. The Journal Of Community Informatics. 8(3). Retrieved from https://www.academia.edu/3794699/Reflecting_on_the_glocal_through_the_conceptual_framework_of_Hodges_s_model

^Because these days you need to make every kernel - found or created on the continuum of evidence - count.

Previously: 'life chances' : 'health career' : 'Serres' : 'APPGs'

Liverpool, UK. RCN Congress 2026 - 
n.b. See you in Liverpool 2027?

New Journal Alert - Philosophy and Urban Affairs

Dear Philosophers,

I'm pleased to announce that Philosophy and Urban Affairs is now operational. Below is a description.

Philosophy and Urban Affairs is a peer-reviewed journal that explores the ethical, political, epistemological, metaphysical, and social dimensions of cities. Articles may be theoretical, applied, or both, provided they illustrate how philosophical investigation can elucidate, critique, or inform city living.

Unsolicited manuscripts are not accepted. Instead, the journal solicits submissions through public calls on emerging topics or through invitations to scholars working on specific themes. On occasion, a focus article will be published to prompt response papers and foster sustained scholarly dialogue.

Philosophy and Urban Affairs is fully open access and charges no fees of any kind.

Check out the first CFP, Philosophical Perspectives on Coastal and Island Cities. 

All the best - Shane

Shane Epting, Ph.D.

Associate Professor of Philosophy

Missouri University of Science and Technology

New Book: Creating Future Cities: Technology, Ethics, and the Fight for the Good Life

Shane Epting, in Creating Future Cities, insightfully analyzes complex normative challenges in urban planning and design—from organizing urban residents' political power to building for resilience—and passionately argues that citizens of cities must fight for their cities and their futures. - Ronald R. Sundstrom, University of San Francisco, USA

My source:

Philos-L "The Liverpool List" is run by the Department of Philosophy, University of Liverpool https://www.liverpool.ac.uk/philosophy/philos-l/ Messages to the list are archived at http://listserv.liv.ac.uk/archives/philos-l.html. Recent posts can also be read in a Facebook group: https://www.facebook.com/PhilosL/ Follow the list on Twitter @PhilosL. Follow the Department of Philosophy @LiverpoolPhilos 

Paper: 'Intra-Personal Compromises'

ARGUMENTA

Issue 21

November 2025

https://www.argumenta.org/issue/issue-21/

Intra-Personal Compromises  

Juha Räikkä

University of Turku 

Abstract

The most usual philosophical questions about compromises have been those related to inter-personal compromises, in which parties are compromising with each other, rather than intra-personal compromises, which are often psychologically demanding. This paper aims to fill the gap in the discussion and briefly analyze the nature of intra-personal compromises. The starting point here is the assumption that inter-personal compromises cannot be made without intra-personal compromises, although intra-personal compromises are common even when they are not linked to inter-personal compromises. The main question addressed in the paper is whether the intra-personal compromises that we accept in all kinds of contexts are similar to those intra-personal compromises that we make when we compromise with others. I argue that they are more or less similar, although there are also some distinctive features in intra-personal compromises that are involved in inter-personal compromises. When a person makes an intra-personal compromise in the context of an inter-personal compromise she is forced to act under uncertainty, as she cannot know beforehand what options are really available. The price of the compromise is known only after the negotiation process. This is a special feature, or so I will claim. 

Keywords: Inter-personal compromise, Intra-personal compromise, Bargaining, Uncertainty. 

Räikkä, R. 2025, “Intra-Personal Compromises”, Argumenta 11, 1, 149–162.
https://www.argumenta.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/Argumenta-11-1-Juha-Raikka-Intra-Personal-Compromises.pdf
 

For a long time I have viewed the INTERPERSONAL domain of Hodges' model as being concurrent, interchangable, working as the INTRAPERSONAL domain. This paper is a helpful discovery, c/o Philos-L "The Liverpool List" which is run by the Department of Philosophy, University of Liverpool https://www.liverpool.ac.uk/philosophy/philos-l/

There are several examples/cases discussed. While brief, a HOSPITAL CEO example is relevant to studies for Hodges' model, as with, a CRITICAL CITIZEN:

'The above examples are rather similar but have small differences. In the ‘Judge’ example, the overriding principle is based on the importance of institutional rules. In the ‘Hospital CEO’ example, the main concern and the strongest value is pragmatic. In the ‘Critical Citizen’ example, the question is about omission rather than action.' p.157. 

The observation about the CEO speaks volumes, across public and private health sectors (and social care?). There is no discussion of reflection, reflexivity, or critical thinking explicitly. But individual, and collective distinctions, and impacts are explored, especially responsibility and mutuality. Three arguments precede concluding remarks. Further progress might be made exploring and relating these to the concepts of bargaining, uncertainty and compromise through Hodges' model and identity: both person-al and organisational?

On models, gaps, deficits, neglect

This a.m. I responded to an email from -

the SDOH Listserv at https://listserv.yorku.ca/cgi-bin/wa?SUBED1=SDOH&A=1

- about a forthcoming book (news to follow). 

I replied, with thoughts (edited) that link to the post earlier today:

On the 'front' - or behind the line(s)?

As a community mental health nurse, I've always recognised (as best I can) the critical, power relation of psychiatry.

This is why I study - champion Hodges' model, because the -

• medical model
• bio-medical
• bio-psycho-social models 

- are all inadequate (in the 21st C. and supposedly post-Institutional care?).*

Inclusion of the 'Political' domain in Hodges' model, is critical in the negotiation between the person and collective.

This is what opens up the wide, expansive 'front' in Hodges' model, where relations can be explored in abstract and concrete terms.

A point I'm currently working through (post - paper?): is it ironic that that education and health have acknowledged and try to mitigate(?) the 'deficit model', but in the very conceptual frameworks / models that these disciplines & professions deploy (esp. medicine?), there is a deficit* - manifest in were we are and how we Care today and tomorrow. This is further aggrevated as capitalism clearly has its way (counter-lobbying the health and care professions)?

*tantamount to neglect?

Despite the pioneering efforts and work of several leaders e.g. Virchow, and fields of medical sociology and public (mental) health.

See also - Joe Wicks: Licensed to Kill Channel 4 UK. 2000hrs 6th October 2025.

'Cereal'

'Proper domain' c/o Machery 2017

On a visit to London 4-7th, in Foyles on Charing Cross Road amongst many desirable titles I came across:

Machery, Edouard, Philosophy Within Its Proper Bounds (Oxford, 2017; online edn, Oxford Academic, 24 Aug. 2017), https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198807520.001.0001, accessed 24 June 2025.

Philosophy and knowledge are in constant play: hide and seek. So the title's 'proper bounds' piqued my interest. I found a previous paper by Machery, also cited in the book:

MACHERY, E. (2011). THOUGHT EXPERIMENTS AND PHILOSOPHICAL KNOWLEDGE. Metaphilosophy, 42(3), 191–214. http://www.jstor.org/stable/24439937

The paper is technical (as 'metaphilosophy' suggests) with discussion of thought experiments, parity defence, but there is utility here:

'If we have reason to suspect that a physical skill or a psychological capacity is applied outside its proper domain, our confidence in the success of this application should decrease. If we have no further information about the circumstances in which the skill or capacity is applied or about how these circumstances impact its reliability, then, for all we know, the reliability of the skill or capacity in this particular application might be almost as high as it is in its proper domain, or it might be very low: that is, we have a reason to believe that its reliability is lower than in its proper domain, but we do not know how low it is. In these conditions, we should be reluctant to express much confidence in the success of the application of the skill or capacity'. p.201.

I'm hoping for an e-copy of the book, which avoiding even more screen-time, I won't read through (review - as I call it...) but I will search, read selectively and post again.

Reflective equilibrium and equipoise

I can't believe, or don't want to, that it's nearly 15 years since I posted - 

h2cm and clinical equipoise in 2010. 

The post didn't try to be 'technical', but perhaps demonstrates the journey here.

In a post to follow, in London 4-7th July I came across a book by Edouard Machery and upon return up north, found a paper which refers to reflective equilibrium. This, one again technical or not, is a purpose of Hodges' model.

Machery, Edouard, Philosophy Within Its Proper Bounds (Oxford, 2017; online edn, Oxford Academic, 24 Aug. 2017), https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198807520.001.0001, accessed 24 June 2025.

Reflective equilibrium has an entry in the The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy:

'If you believe that conduct in some case is right or wrong, you have a moral judgment or intuition. Perhaps you have many such judgments about different cases. You might, nevertheless, consider that judgments alone do not justify the moral views they express. You and your moral interlocutors might be concerned that “what we actually accept is fraught with idiosyncrasy and vulnerable to vagaries of history and personality” (Elgin 1996: 108) or displays “irregularities and distortions” (Rawls 1971: 48).

John Rawls proposed to address these concerns through the method of reflective equilibrium.We first ensure that our judgments are considered, being made in circumstances appropriate for moral deliberation. We are then to consider general principles that might accommodate our set of considered judgments—and more than that, explain and extend them. On the standard wide reflective equilibrium, we are to consider

all possible descriptions to which one might plausibly conform one’s judgments together with all relevant philosophical arguments for them. (Rawls 1971: 49)

This requires that we reflect on a wide range of principles, arguments, and theories. Equilibrium is reached where principles and judgments have been revised such that they agree with each other. In short, the method of reflective equilibrium is the mutual adjustment of principles and judgments in the light of relevant argument and theory.'

The encyclopaedia entry is informative for studies here. I will revisit clinical equipoise in the near future; and bring in the idea of 'holistic bandwidth'.

Knight, Carl, "Reflective Equilibrium", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2025 Edition), Edward N. Zalta & Uri Nodelman (eds.), URL = <https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2025/entries/reflective-equilibrium/>.

Rawls, John, 1971, A Theory of Justice, Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.

Relational Equality and Intergenerational Justice

Relational Equality and Intergenerational Justice
edited by Devon Cass and Andre Santos Campos

ABSTRACT

Intergenerational justice has in recent decades become an increasingly important subfield of political philosophy. However, due to the absence of coexistence and other aspects of the intergenerational context, it is often unclear whether and how many ideals of justice apply. As such, relational egalitarianism – the view that justice requires equal social relationships – may appear particularly implausible in this domain. In this introduction, we explain this issue, motivating its further examination. Finally, we briefly summarize how the papers in this volume take up this challenge and offer insightful developments on both fronts, advancing our understanding of intergenerational justice and relational egalitarianism.

individual

|

INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES

humanistic ------------------------------- mechanistic

SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL

|

group

I - self - identity ancestor - descendant	space - resources past - now - future
INTERGENERATIONAL -	- JUSTICE

My source: WHO - Humanizing Health Care Through Relationality: Exploring The Science And Practice Of Community Engagement

Rediscovering nursing ...? [ concepts-maths i/iii ]

   Individuals

 

'In the Introduction to his landmark book, Individuals Peter Strawson talked of the “massive central core” of human thinking that has no history … categories and concepts which, in their most fundamental character, change not at all”.'

'Strawson’s central core revolved around the need for us to identify persistent objects in a unified framework of space and time. He was not troubled that with the arrival of special and general relativity our concepts of space and time had changed, nor that our concept of middle-sized dry goods had changed to accommodate what we suppose to be their constitution by quantum particles.'

Blackburn, S. Rediscovering the Past, The Philosopher's Magazine, 1st Quarter 2018. 80: 72-73. 
https://archive.philosophersmag.com/rediscovering-the-past/

Strawson, P.F. (1964). Individuals (1st ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203221303

https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.4324/9780203221303/individuals-strawson

See also:

How 'divine' is the language of care?

Care concept engineering - anyone? [ concepts-maths ii/iii ]

So, I can proceed, fall flat on my face - [ concepts-maths iii/iii ]

'Slugfields Luxury Prison' c/o Isabel Rock - artist

"In November 2022, I spent a month on remand at HMP Bronzefield for my part in the Just Stop Oil protests on the M25. I was happy to go to prison for something I know is morally right. Drawing in prison became my saviour against the monotony. I rarely draw from life anymore, but we were given a little notebook in our 'welcome' bags of grey tracksuits, pastel pants and toothbrush." p.19.

"This drawing is Slugfields Luxury Prison, (152×120cm) the institutional blue doors, plastic chairs, toilet in the corner and the panoptican architecture mirror that of Bronzefields. It's not quite finished yet, but it's been a cathartic experience to draw some of my thoughts on prison life and incarceration by the state." Instagram (and image source).

INDIVIDUAL
  |

     INTERPERSONAL    :     SCIENCES               

HUMANISTIC --------------------------------------  MECHANISTIC      

SOCIOLOGY  :   POLITICAL 

|

GROUP

	Slugfields Luxury Prison, (152×120cm) by Isabel Rock

Rock, I., 'Drawn Behind Bars' PRINTMAKING TODAY, Autumn 2023, Cello Press Ltd. Volume 32, Issue 127, p.19-21.

With thanks to Isabel Rock.

Hodges' model - as 'a' philosophy c/o TPM

As much as I might like, or aspire to write, this is not a treatise on Hodges' model as a philosophy. Anyway: why limit ourselves to one 'philosophy', when several might apply, or at least be found?

Other TPM articles within the 50 new ideas issue point to Hodges' model (of course 😉).

Philosophy itself may benefit. Philosophy is "the love of wisdom". While there are dangers in siloed kowledge and the thought that put it there, what is classed as wise across the domains of Hodges' model in a given context? Contexts change, but how can philosophical reasoning help us 'keep our options open'? Or is the situation and context 'closed'? 

Again much as I might like, in response to Benatar's Forsaking wisdom (pp.23-24) I'm not trying to clever - even my sense of humour does not extend that far. We do want to apply Hodges' model  practically. Maybe disciplines exist in a perennial state of self-doubt? Peter Boghossian discusses Philosophy that matters (pp.29-30). Nursing is no exception being challenged still regards its professional and academic identity. In mental health nursing there are concerns about the field as a specialty being genericised. The nursing discipline for which identity and meaning is key finds its own identity challenged. Helen De Cruz writes of The Philosopher's rut (pp.41-42). A contributing factor is the tendency in philosophical debates to be dominated by two-well-outlined opposing positions. This framing can stifle exploration, and yet in Hodges' model with oppositions built-in the model as a whole provides conceptual escape; a series of conceptual spaces to explore. 

Hodges' model can help postpone what De Cruz refers to as cognitive closure, another reason for the philosopher's rut. We tend, psychologically to draw quick conclusions such that we are averse to ambiguity. This may be innate to a degree, as seen in 'black and white' thinking. Ironically, for me with Hodges' model is the counterposition of reflection as navel-gazing, resulting in too many options, and no decision at all.  

With the self, I, individual appearing to take a prime position in Hodges' model, Michael Cholbi reminds us of the philosophical significance and history of self-knowledge (pp.35-36). Student nurses need to acquire sufficient substantial self-knowledge to be safe, effective, competent, satisfied and lifelong learning practitioners. In another issue 98 4th Quarter 2022, Jonathan Matheson asks Why Think for Yourself (pp. 26-32), is there a rationale in intellectual autonomy and love of truth? You can exercise your intellectual autonomy and make it collaborative, by deciding on the port of entry to Hodges' model. This is a determinant in terms of the context, the situation that prompts you reach for the model in the first place. 

me - you INDIVIDUAL - the few
  |

     INTERPERSONAL    :     SCIENCES               

HUMANISTIC --------------------------------------  MECHANISTIC      

SOCIOLOGY  :   POLITICAL 

|

others - GROUP - many

inherent philosophy in Hodges' model the mind - my mind Personal identity epistemology ontology - being - identity my - beliefs - (yours) abstraction logic - mathematics concept of opposition^ opposition of concepts^ representation of -isms ethics - moral reasoning values - value unconditional positive regard	physicality - materialism the brain - my brain - body Organic identity implicit binary structure superimposed relations vectors coding and classification language corpora reality as orientation: (e.g., what three things do we need to know?) personalised medicine ('up here') professional scope - curricula silos of knowledge scientific method/methodologies
language - semantics - meaning dialectics 'other minds' practical reasoning applied philosophy individual-collective debate: utilitarian principles social philosophy socialisation of learners (professions) conformance - group think	health in politics politics in health human rights the unborn - future humans protected human characteristics diametrical oppositions in Hodges' model (e.g., 1. my mental state - mental health law; 2. public understanding - of science; 3. my freedom - the law. 4. culture - (techno-culture!) - science...) power - freedom political philosophy

In John Corvino's Applied philosophy out of the closet (pp.39-40), I'm not sure if it was Martha Nussbaum who stressed the need for philosophy to be practical. Is this the same as applied? I note her work on capabilities. Hodges' model seeks to reduce the gap between the learning involved in (between - hence bridging) theory and practice - to achieve competencies. For the future of (Brian) Hodges' model this matters, as I understand that efforts are ongoing to apply category theory to the social sciences. It is a pragmatic conceptual structure. To return to identity, A M Ferner tackles (literally?) Organic identity (pp.49-50); while Kerrie Grain takes on what is next-door in Hodges' model - Personal identity (pp. 51-52). As I continue to sort papers, journals and books there is more to follow. 

The Philosopher's Magazine, "50 New Ideas", 1st Quarter 2016. Issue 72. pp.20-120.

TPM #72 cover image: https://ericthomasweber.org/correcting-political-correctness/

^Ack.

Needham, R. (1987). Counterpoints. Berkeley: University of California Press.

(Looking f/w - I think - to chapters 7-8. With specific post(s) to follow.)

Philosophy in Pubs - Liverpool Weds 25th Jan 7.30pm

Subscribed to Philosophy in Pubs for many years, I've posted to the list also in the distant past, but I've never attended a meeting. This past week I noticed a message about a new subgroup - Young Philosophers - in Liverpool from Mike (phone numbers removed). Below, I've posted some of the online chat:

On Saturday, 14 January 2023 at 14:38:50 GMT, <info AT philosophyinpubs.co.uk> wrote:

Hi everybody,

 

Its Mike from the Keith's PIP and the young philosophers group.
I am currently re-launching the latter as a new PIP group at
Thomas Rigby's in town (23-25 Dale St, Liverpool L2 2EZ)

 

The first meeting of the Philosophy group will be
Wednesday evening the 25th January at 7.30pm.

Please come along, all welcome, all ages.

 

If you need anymore  information, please email me (email below) or call me on ...

 

Thanks

Mike Green.

michaelljohngreen AT gmail.com 

This piqued my interest, given my love of Liverpool (born in Walton) and the question of at what age can younger people - children be introduced to Hodges' model?

I replied expressing interest in the possibility of contributing, once the group is established, or as a 'starter for 10', seeking critique as to what sense young philosophers would make of the model.

Responding with an introduction to Hodges' model, and expression of interest, Paul and Rob replied as per below, to which I've tried to add some clarification.

Rob's thoughts are very helpful. The upshot is, I'm looking f/w to a full day in Liverpool this Wednesday, meeting Mike, Paul, Rob and possibly others before the meeting starts at 7.30pm.

Paul's message (intended for me):

info AT philosophyinpubs.co.uk
Sunday, 15 January 2023 at 13:00:12 GMT
Subject: Re: New PIP group!

Hi Mike, Peter

Yes, you seem to be part of quite a sizeable group of people on our general members/mailing list that have not gotten round to attending one of the groups yet. But that's okay, absolutely no need for apologies, your interest is appreciated anyway.

I've had a quick glance at your attachments; found what I read very interesting and would like to know more. I don't think I've heard of the Hodges' model, or at least not in relation to what we generally practice (Community of Enquiry method).

It's great that you would like to contribute or provide a session regarding the Hodges' model, but I'm not sure if doing that would fit well with this particular opening meeting of a new PIP group. Having said that, I could be very mistaken, and an introduction in the manner you mention, might be a great way to get people thinking and herald a fruitful meeting. The meeting is due to start at 7.30pm - (meetings usually take one and a half to two hours), but if you like I could meet you there half an hour earlier. Let me know.

We have something called the Enquiry Development Series (EDS) running at the moment. It's a monthly Online event which is run for PIP members and others to learn/refresh their undertanding and practices. You would be most welcome to attend.

Best regards,

Paul ...

PS: I have cc'd some members of the EDS in with this reply.

From Rob:

On 2023-01-16 12:44, fappyhealing02 AT yahoo.co.uk wrote:

Hi Everyone,

From my very limited reading on Hodge's model. It seems to be concerned with very similar issues to those of PIPs and the CofE community, which is an expression of prior analysis, critique and reflection coming from people like Dewey, Postman, Freire, Lipman and so on. I have a basic grasp of the model as a conceptual framework and a means to better care and understanding across society. What I don't seem to have picked up so much is a more fully developed methodology rooted in practice and realisation of these ideas.

This leads me wonder whether this model/framework is mainly conceptual, with limited  methodological guidance towards how the ideas in the framework are to be expressed and realised. PIPs is at the stage where it has a very successful methodology which realises and expresses in practice the ideas that Hodge points to, along with the philosophy of education eluded to earlier and various other frameworks such as the Paul and Elder model of critical thinking.

So, we have the history and philosophical education from Socrates onwards, the comes a distillation of these ideas into a framework or model, which is where we find Piaget, Bloom, Paul and Elder, along with Hodge and others. These models then have to be cashed out in practice. At this point, we are now thinking about methodology, there is of course connection, influence and overlap with the history, philosophy and subsequent frameworks. Methodologies vary from being barely formed to being well formed and robust. I would say PIPs and CofE have a well formed and somewhat robust methodological practice. It has been well tested and critiqued for over 40 years in different countries, communities and contexts. It has stood the test of time with a good pedigree. Matt Lipman was a key figure in developing a methodology out of his research into philosophy of education and various frameworks/models. However the methodology he produced to deliver in practice was something of a prototype rather than the more fully formed, finished article. Through time and careful reflection people like R Sutcliffe and Karin Muris took Lipman's methods improved and polished them into the practice we see and use 40 years later. This is of course still developing along democratic and dialogic lines.

In the case of Edward De Bonno, Paul and Elder, Illich and Dewey we find some powerful insights, some partially formed models and some fully formed models but not that much guidance on how to implement these ideas. Yes, they provide some ideas and pointers on how to go about the realisation of these things in practice but methodology on the whole is pretty sparse. I guess it's a case of focussing on a specific group of concerns comes at the cost of other concerns, though, I don't want to take this too far and slip into zero-sum thinking. Anyway, based on limited understandings I'd provisionally put Hodge in this category of well formed model, limited methodology in terms of the nuts and bolts of how to best realise the model in practice.

Questions I'm left with:

Is the distinction between model and methodology a significant and useful one here - why? Yes/No, because...?

Given our current point of development and understanding, by doing what we do, are we already cashing out a good deal of the key ideas in Hodge's model?

Could we just clarify what Hodge's model is a model of?

Do I need some help in understanding Hodge better in terms of both 'model' and 'methodology'?

This isn't to say we should not draw inspiration and ideas or take time to explore and experiment with Hodge's model, just that I need to be clearer about what it is, what it's trying to do, how it is going to do it. Once more secure with this, I feel I'd be in a better position to make more competent judgements and recommendations about its uses and benefits.

Best wishes,

Rob

My reply:

Subject: Re: New PIP group!

Thanks for the messages - just caught up I think...

I wondered originally Mike - about your young philosopher's group and once established asking the group the questions that Rob has posed and responded to.

I'm seeking critique, not proposing that Hodges' model is adopted by PIP.

The questions posed by the model - might gainfully exercise younger minds, and provide me with some pointers - which I would make clear (from ethics / consent perspective).

I greatly appreciate Rob's thoughts*.

A question I have educationally is from what age (literacy level) which Hodges' model #h2cm might be taught (discovered?).

I'd be pleased to come through on the 25th Mike and Paul, arriving a bit earlier.

I'll get to Liverpool early a.m. train and make a day of it.

As per Rob, I'm still asking these questions of the model and enjoying the journey ... so, briefly in response:

There is no methodology associated with the model, it is 'agnostic' (whatever that means).

The model is situated - so clinically, the way the model is used is influenced by the patient, client, carer, student, manager ...

The model can provide a relational ontology - it incorporates several polarities, dichotomies, oppositions and instrumentally can facilitate dialectic engagement.

It can be applied (imho) for a variety of research and philosophical stances, standpoints - Qual , Quant, Mixed-methods ... all the -isms?

As you will no doubt appreciate, in education and health care (especially) we need *evidence-based* interventions.

In seeking possible theoretical underpinnings for #h2cm think (as Rob suggests) of the model as a giant conceptual corpus (drawing from Tim Berners-Lee's giant global graph).

The axes of the model represent the (conceptual) holistic bandwidth of the situation.

The model can wax and wane as per the context (scale, scope). In a reductive sense I see the four (care) knowledge domains as four 'conceptual spaces' (Gärdenfors).

h2cm can also find a 'home' in the semantic web and in education - the idea of 'threshold concepts' (Meyer and Land).

There is another tool, but this calls for a logician - if not a totally erroneous idea?

[ Note diametric oppositions in the model: e.g.

• public understanding of science;
• the extent of visualization in the humanities;
• mental health (the self) and the State (politics, law) current Psycho-Economic crisis. ]

*ROB - and all - I'd be pleased to post your thoughts / response on the blog, if this is appropriate with links and text on PIPs.

I hope this helps and look f/w to next week - thanks for your interest too.

Best to all.

Peter

====

Clearly not the last word. Look f/w to Wednesday and learning more.

1+1=2

INDIVIDUAL

|

 INTERPERSONAL    :     SCIENCES               

HUMANISTIC --------------------------------------  MECHANISTIC      

SOCIOLOGY  :   POLITICAL 

|

GROUP

belief my purpose	1+1=2 0,1 ...
society social groups social networks	1+1= ? "When people talk about how math is or should be apolitical, because "1+1=2" does not depend on politics and neither does the Riemann hypothesis, it seems that the only math that they can think of is pure math. This line or argument completely falls apart for applied math."  @imathematicians [thread]

My source:

https://twitter.com/imathematicians/status/1530724466073952261?s=20&t=eF1XRD9HbkSJ2XWWbIk2qQ 

Previously: 'maths' ,  '2 + 2 = ?'

https://twitter.com/imathematicians/status/1530724466073952261?s=20&t=eF1XRD9HbkSJ2XWWbIk2qQ

Occam's razor (i)

"2. The virus of encyclopedism in definitions should be
recognized and resisted. There is a role and a place for
illustrative detail, but that role and place is not in a
definition. Social science is content to tolerate excep-
tions to its theories—it is satisfied with explanations
covering most cases, not each and every one. In the
definition of strategic concepts, more detail inevitably
promotes less clarity and therefore less understanding.
William of Occam should be regarded as the patron
saint of wordsmithing for strategic conceptualization.

3. Ideas matter: Concepts for theory have practical
consequences. The way in which we behave strategi-
cally is not dictated strictly by the way in which we
conceptualize its challenges and intellectually order
our possible responses, but our concepts educate our
perception and interpretation of events, and they find
expression in the doctrine that shapes our behavior.52
Of course, strategic behavior should be adaptable to
unanticipated events, but frequently it is not. Strategic
and military culture can and does change, but at any
one time it is going to help mold action now in ways
organized doctrinally in the light shed by authorita-
tive strategy concepts." (p.46).

 
Gray, C. S. (2012). CATEGORICAL CONFUSION?: THE STRATEGIC IMPLICATIONS OF RECOGNIZING CHALLENGES EITHER AS IRREGULAR OR TRADITIONAL. Strategic Studies Institute, US Army War College. http://www.jstor.org/stable/resrep11257

PhD position on "Analyzing the Interactions Between Spaces of Argumentation in Different Contexts"

We are seeking applicants for a PhD position on «Analyzing the Interactions Between Spaces of Argumentation in Different Contexts» at LAMSADE (University Paris-Dauphine).

The Covid19 crisis shows us that arguments can circulate between different social worlds, as they have done between scientific and academic worlds, media, and social media, in different directions. However, the way people discuss in these different environments is very different and rely on different standards to recognize proofs.

How can different groups advance in a debate when sharing information, evidence on a complex issue, refer to different notions of arguments and proof standards?

For example, in recent months we could observe some ideal-typic description of the shape of the argumentation:

1. in the mediatic world: repeat, follow, approve/disprove, exaggerate, attack ad hominem;
2. in the scientific world: decide paradigm, decide hypothesis, test, revise, purify, consolidate, invalidate, give examples, give counter-example.

The literature on argumentation theory has elaborated several defeasible argumentation schemes, which are abstract argument forms that do not necessarily fall into the classical deductive or inductive argument structures, and that capture also what traditionally is classified as a fallacy.

For a detailed description see:

https://www.lamsade.dauphine.fr/fileadmin/mediatheque/lamsade/documents/propositions_theses_2020/pigozzi.pdf

*Required Profile*

- Master degree in Computer Science (or equivalent) with good GPA
- Knowledge in Computer Science, Mathematics, Economics and Logic
- Minimal programming skills
- Strong interest for multidisciplinary research
- Autonomy and ability to work in a team
- Good writing skills in English

*Application procedure and deadline*

Interested candidates should send the following PDF documents to Juliette Rouchier (juliette.rouchier AT dauphine.fr) and Gabriella Pigozzi (gabriella.pigozzi AT dauphine.fr) before 11 April 2021:

- CV
- Scan of transcripts of marks with their ranking
- A letter of motivation
- One letter or recommendation

A first selection will be performed amongst eligible applications, and selected candidates will be interviewed.

PS: Please forward this email to potential candidates.

My source: 

Philos-L "The Liverpool List" is run by the Department of Philosophy, University of Liverpool https://www.liverpool.ac.uk/philosophy/philos-l/

The mechanics of Empire (or Not) c/o Yinka Shonibare

INDIVIDUAL

|

INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES

HUMANISTIC----------------------------------------------- MECHANISTIC

SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL

|

  GROUP

	Yinka Shonibare MBE – End of Empire, 2016, Turner Contemporary

 

"The Salzberg show, at the Museum der Moderne in Monchsberg, will show works going back to the mid-1990s, and though still in development, its title - End of Empire - is secured. This refers to a work Shonibare created for the 14-18 Now project, which commemorated the 100 years since the end of the first world war: two figures with globes for heads sit either end of a moving see-saw, their precarious balance representing the fragile conditions of conflict. 'It's this idea that the arguments are shifting constantly; I didn't want it to be didactic or simplistic,' he says."

Yinka Shonibare

Image: https://publicdelivery.org/yinka-shonibare-end-of-empire/

My source: Roux, C. All a question of power, Life&Arts, FTWeekend. 20-21 February, 2021. p.13.

 

IF there is a 'medical model' THEN ...

IF there is a 'MEDICAL MODEL'

(Google: about 1,770,000 results)

AND

there exists a 'MULTIDISCIPLINARY TEAM'

(about 57,200,000 results)

AND

respective disciplines have produced distinct 'MODELS OF CARE'

(about 1,790,000,000 results) 

AND

a key aim of healthcare delivery is 'INTEGRATED CARE'

(about 673,000,000 results)

THEN

- where is the RESEARCH EVIDENCE for a generic model / conceptual framework to center and integrate said care^*?

 

If there are any philosophers of science, of nursing, logicians ... willing to critique my thinking I would greatly appreciate your advice.

*self, health and social care.

McGivern, P. (2008). Reductive Levels and Multi-Scale Structure. Synthese, 165(1), 53-75. Retrieved August 23, 2020, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/40271111 

World Philosophy Day: "Why do we need evidence of mechanisms?"

December 17th 2019, 14h30-16h00

Bordeaux Pellegrin Hospital, Rheumatology Service, 12th floor

Phyllis Illari (University College London, UK)

"Why do we need evidence of mechanisms?" A PhilInBioMed seminar

Open to all

Phyllis Illari is a Senior Lecturer at University College London (Dept of Science & Technology Studies; Faculty of Maths & Physical Sciences) in the UK. She works in the philosophy of science, with particular expertise in causality, mechanisms and information.

Abstract

I will present a view of evidence of mechanisms as evidence of the activities, entities, their organization, and the phenomena they explain, using the idea of ‘minimal mechanism’ (Glennan and Illari, 2018). I will argue that this view allows us to theoretically organize an incredibly diverse array of forms of evidence and empirical practices. I will then home in on a specific way in which evidence of mechanism is crucial, arguing that it is important even for solid evidence of correlation. Any clinical study, even a well-conducted RCT, which is still one of our best methods of establishing a reliable correlation, needs decent answers to two questions: (i) what are the variables for disease, treatment and outcome? and (ii) how and when are they measured and why?

I will use the case of ‘vitamin D deficiency’ to show how important these questions are, even when they are not explicitly addressed in published results, because they are regarded as sufficiently standardised to be unimportant. Until recently, vitamin D deficiency was regarded as well-understood, reliably measurable in standardised ways, and linked to diseases such as rickets by well understood mechanisms. However, recent research has linked vitamin D deficiency to other diseases, in ways that expose the fact that different measuring techniques measure slightly different forms of Vitamin D. Those differences are now relevant.

Considering the case shows how deeply integrative our evidential pluralism needs to be, and therefore how complex our practices of reasoning about evidence are. Philosophical accounts need to be responsive to this.

For more information click here.

Best regards,

Wiebke Bretting
--
Dr. Wiebke Bretting
Project Manager ERC IDEM
ImmunoConcEpT, UMR5164
Université de Bordeaux
146 rue Léo Saignat
33076 Bordeaux
https://www.immuconcept.org/erc-idem/

My source:
Philos-L "The Liverpool List" is run by the Department of Philosophy, University of Liverpool https://www.liverpool.ac.uk/philosophy/philos-l/

Book: National Populism - The Revolt Against Liberal Democracy

individual - self

|

INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES

humanistic ----------------------------------------------- mechanistic

SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL

|

group- population

	National Populism

"Universities are not here to make people feel comfortable or to allow only research that avoids causing offence. Nor are they here to coddle young minds and present to them an ideologically homogenous view of the world. Universities are here to pursue truth, engage in reasoned argument, support freedom of inquiry and nurture the development of critical thinkers." Goodwin, 2019.

This post also links with Prof. Land's keynote in Dundee.

Book review by LSE Review of Books


My source:
Goodwin, M. Mob rule is crushing the campus, The Sunday Times, 30 June, 2019, p.25.