Hodges' Model: Welcome to the QUAD: cognitive sciences

Hodges' model is a conceptual framework to support reflection and critical thinking. Situated, the model can help integrate all disciplines (academic and professional). Amid news items, are posts that illustrate the scope and application of the model. A bibliography and A4 template are provided in the sidebar. Welcome to the QUAD ...

Showing posts with label cognitive sciences. Show all posts
Showing posts with label cognitive sciences. Show all posts

Monday, February 22, 2016

Phi and the cruellest cut

"The measure of how a system integrates information is called phi.

One way of calculating phi involves dividing a system into two and calculating how dependent each part is on the other. One cut would be the "cruellest", creating two parts that are the least dependent on each other. If the parts of the cruellest cut are completely independent, then phi is zero, and the system is not conscious." p.10

individual
|
INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES
humanistic ---------------------------------------  mechanistic
SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL
|
group
Consciousness
an Integrated Information Theory








Reference:
Ananthaswamy, A. (2016) The 1-second test of consciousness, New Scientist, 20 February, 229: 3061, p.10.

arxiv.org/abs/1601.02626

Friday, February 12, 2016

2nd Workshop: Conceptual Spaces at Work - 25-27 August 2016, Sweden

The workshop focuses on concepts and their applications using the theory of Conceptual Spaces (CS), as introduced by Peter Gärdenfors (2000).


Applications of Conceptual Spaces
It provides a geometric model for the representation of human conceptual knowledge that bridges the symbolic and the sub-conceptual levels of representation. The model has already proven to have a broad range of applicability, not only within cognitive science but also across a number of disciplines related to concepts and representation. 

A sample of this work is collected in Zenker & Gärdenfors (2015), based on papers presented in Conceptual Spaces at Work 2012 at Lund University.

...

(I hope to attend.)

Tuesday, December 17, 2013

Cognitive Informatics and other forms?

Over the past couple of months I've posted on topics that include an example of Hodges' model related to the post's particular theme. In McGonigle and Mastrian's Nursing Informatics and the Foundation of Knowledge, Second Edition (2012) on page 63 the editors cite Wang (2003):

Cognitive informatics attempts to solve problems in two connected areas in a bidirectional and multidisciplinary approach. In one direction, CI uses informatics and computing techniques to investigate cognitive science problems, such as memory, learning and reasoning; in the other direction, CI uses cognitive theories to investigate problems in informatics, computing and software engineering (p.120). 

I will leave it to you to consider the INTRA-INTERPERSONAL and SCIENCES domains, and not (just) how Wang's cognitive informatics 'fits' within Hodges' model, but what of the many other informatics fields. Here they seem like stepping stones, but taken together where do they lead to, from, ... about ...?


Wang, Y. (2003), Cognitive Informatics: A New Transdisciplinary Research Field, Brain and Mind: A Transdisciplinary Journal of Neuroscience and Neurophilosophy, Vol.4, No.2. pp.115-127.  

Friday, November 01, 2013

A book chapter: Spatial semantics - definitions...

This book would appear to be an essential reference in respect of h2cm, the following is from chapter 13:

Spatial semantics is the study of the meaning of spatial language, but what is to be regarded as ‘spatial language’? A moment’s reflection suffices to show that the answer to this question is anything but trivial, since SPACE is not a self-contained ‘semantic field’, but rather constitutes an important part of the background for all conceptualization and meaning (Kant [1787] 1964). Furthermore, the term ‘space’ has been used all too often in an extended, metaphorical sense in Cognitive Linguistics and Cognitive Science, e.g., ‘Space Grammar’ (Langacker 1982), ‘Mental Spaces’ (Fauconnier 1985), ‘Conceptual Spaces’ (Gärdenfors 2000). Hence, an unrestricted interpretation of the term ‘space’ might lead us to think that ‘all semantics is spatial semantics’, a conclusion that not even cognitive linguists would find too attractive. Therefore, the scope of spatial semantics needs to be restricted, and this can and has been done in at least three different ways: by form class, by semantic category, and by communicative function. The three definitions based on these restrictions do not coincide, however, and each leaves something to be desired.

Jordan Zlatev (2007) Spatial Semantics, Chapter 13. In. Hubert Cuyckens and Dirk Geeraerts (eds.) Handbook in Cognitive Linguistics. Oxford, Oxford University Press.

Monday, April 01, 2013

DTMD 2013 & Three different perspectives on a model

I am really looking forward to next week's the Difference That Makes a Difference an interdisciplinary workshop on Information: Space, Time, and Identity at the The Open University and the MK Gallery, Milton Keynes, UK

There's a session of instant interest to me as it refers to Peter Gärdenfors' work on conceptual spaces -

Session 1: Information and Space

Spacification: How to design and construct spaces
that can enhance artistic experiences

Ambjörn Naeve (KTH, Sweden) and Carl Smith (London Metropolitan University, UK)

Naeve and Smith provide a further reference:
A (conceptual) model is a description of the most important concepts and their respective relationships within a certain domain of interest. Whatever domain of interest that you focus on, your model will consist of (conceptually simplified) parts that interact with each other in some way. This leads to three different types of models:
  1. The static model describes WHAT the (most important) parts are about.
  2. The dynamic model describes HOW these parts interact with each other.
  3. The intentional model describes WHY they display this behavior.
As we will see, these modeling types can often be mixed into a single model, and then these different types should be thought of more as “aspects” or “perspectives” of the model.


Ref: Ambjörn Naeve. 2011-01-31. A Modeling Primary on Methods and Techniques for Communicative Modeling and Disagreement Management. European Commission Seventh Framework Project (IST-257822).

Saturday, February 23, 2013

Cognitive continua ( ... just a sentence of promise)


The idea of a cognitive 
continuum 
has much to offer nurses 
and its potential 
has yet to be fully exploited. p.136.


Thompson, C. (2001) JAN Forum: Clinical decision making in nursing: theoretical perspectives and their relevance to practice - a response to Jean Harbison. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 35(1), 134-137.

Wednesday, January 16, 2013

Peter Gärdenfors - "Actions and events modelled in conceptual spaces"

The Barcelona Cognition, Brain and Technology summer school. Barcelona, Spain

Friday, 14 September, 2012 - 09:30 to 11:00



Recording of the speaker's talk at the Barcelona Brain and Technology Summer School, September 2012.
"Actions and events are central to a semantics of natural language. I present a cognitively based model of these notions. After giving a general presentation of the theory of conceptual spaces, I suggest how the analysis of perceptual concepts can be extended to actions and events. First, I argue that action space can be analyzed in the same way as e.g. color space or shape space. The hypothesis is that the categorization of actions depends, to a large extent, on the perception of forces. In line with this, I describe an action as a pattern of forces. An action category is identified as a convex region of action space. I review some indirect evidence for this representation. Second, I represent an event as an interaction between a force vector and a result vector. Typically an agent performs an action – i.e., exerts a force – that changes the properties of the patient. Such a model of events is suitable for an analysis of the semantics of verbs. I compare the model to other related attempts from cognitive semantics."

Additional links:
http://www.ht.lu.se/o.o.i.s?id=21232&p=PeterGardenfors


Related posts on W2tQ

Wednesday, May 23, 2012

PJ's project [iii]: Hodges' model An aide mémoire, or candidate Gärdenforsian conceptual space?

If you have a 'project' then chances are at some point you're going to commit it to paper as a text or Gantt chart...

Last November I posted an outline and some reflections about a project that I suppose has been a career in the making. This blog is part of the 'output': a channel that is open.

I am writing this in Lund, Sweden. The people, weather, the lilac and other scents on the breeze are a real joy. I'm here to attend the Conceptual Spaces at Work conference which starts tomorrow.

Part of the rationale for attending is to see if I've found a tree worthy of stressing my vocal cords over. If you compare the copy below with November then some changes should be apparent. For example, I wasn't aware of CSML back then. This conference is not so much about trying to fill in gaps, but finding them. Here is the latest listing:

Abstract
    Preface
    Introduction
    1.1 Health and Social Care
    1.2 Recurring Issues in Health and Social Care
    2 Education
     Introduction
    2.1 Education in the 21st Century
    2.2 Recurring Issues in Education
    3 Nursing, Nursing Theory and Hodges' model
    Introduction
    3.1 Sciences, Medicine and Nursing Disciplines
    3.2 Scope of Nursing Practice
    3.3 The case for models of care: Simplification, speech, writing
    3.4 Nursing Process
    3.5 Data Initialisation In Nursing
    3.6 Nursing Theory : All In The Mind?
    3.7 Hodges' Health Career - Care Domains - Model
    3.8 Problems With Models - Critique
    3.9 Problems with Hodges' health career – care domains – model
    4 Information
    Introduction
    4.1 Information, energy, records
    4.2 Clinical Classification and Coding
    5 Cognitive Science, Learning and Literacy, Computation
    Introduction
    5.1 Cognitive and Learning styles
    5.2 Models, Contexts, Situations, the Project and (Darwinian) Justification
    5.3 Forms of Literacy, Requirements and Socio-Technical Perspectives
    5.4 Computation and Computer Graphics
    5.5 Visual Software
    5.6 Software Development, data, models, applications
    5.7 Data Abstraction and Databases
    5.8 Object Oriented Programming
    5.9 Coding and Classification, Ontologies, RDF, Semantic Web
    6 Gardenfors' Conceptual Spaces
    Introduction
    6.1 Representation, Explanation and Construction
    6.2 Background on key research methods
    6.3 Gärdenfors conceptual spaces - selected definitions
    7 Hodges' model as a Conceptual Space
    Introduction
    7.1 Indicative Literature Review
    7.2 H2CM, Data, Data, Data, (Data!) and research methods
    7.3 Hodges’ model as a Conceptual Space
    7.4 Quality dimensions – discrete vs continuous and confluent
    8 Sandbox: Drupal, Ruby, CSML and SVG
    Introduction
    8.1 Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG): Web Graphics
    8.2 Conceptual Space Markup Language (CSML)
    8.3 Drupal: Open source content management system
    8.4 Ruby
    8.5 Domains and Domain Specific Languages
    9 Closing Discussion: Values
    Introduction
    Figures
    Tables
    Acknowledgements

I would love to attend SVG Open - The Graphical Web in September, but I have to cut the cloth as a dad, boyfriend, and full-time nurse... This year, ten days unpaid leave will help me pursue this work. It's not that I can necessarily afford to sacrifice salary like this, but at present it suits the NHS and me.

As to the text there will be lots more changes to follow no doubt. Chapter 4 has latent emergent properties - I hope. One struggle is 'chapters' 1 & 2, which provide a background to healthcare and education; and the closing discussion. In C1 for example, the issues include person-centered care, multidisciplinary care, records, information. ... In a way they are also themes, it's finding the right descriptor. Actually, as I write perhaps this issues-themes thing is related to there being issues that are problems that have a solution if only we can find it?

It's a big ask, but C8 and reference to the sandbox says it all. Whether it is a case of issues, themes, or problems in nursing, health and social care it is values that count. I'm hoping there's a circle there that can be closed. Then the project really becomes a baton: and I can help pass it on ...

More to follow over the next few days.

Many thanks also to Rikard for the welcome at Hobykrok B&B and the loan of a power adapter!

Tuesday, May 01, 2012

Conceptual Space Markup Language (CSML): Towards the Cognitive Semantic Web

I'll start May hopefully in tune with plans towards the month's end and attending Conceptual Spaces at Work.

The SCIENCES domain page has included Markup Languages (ML) for a great many years.

In the early versions of the h2cm website there were just two 'resource' pages. When the ongoing four page format arrived then markup languages had a place.


Looking at the programme for next month's Conceptual Spaces at Work the first session listed includes this reference:
Adams, B., Raubal, M. (2009). Conceptual Space Markup Language (CSML): Towards the Cognitive Semantic Web. ICSC '09 Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE International Conference on Semantic Computing IEEE Computer Society Washington, DC, USA.
Abstract—CSML is a semantic markup language created for the publishing and sharing of conceptual spaces, which are geometric structures that represent semantics at the conceptual level. CSML can be used to describe semantics that are not captured well by the ontology languages commonly used in the Semantic Web. Measurement of the semantic similarity of concepts as well as the combination of concepts without shared properties are common human cognitive tasks. However, these operations present sources of difficulty for tools reliant upon set-theoretic and syllogistic reasoning on symbolic ontologies. In contrast, these operations can be modeled naturally using conceptual spaces. This paper describes the design decisions behind CSML, introduces the key component elements of a CSML document, and presents examples of its usage.
This is an excellent source. CSML is a really significant development for me as Adams and Raubal highlight on the first page:
The computational foundation of the Semantic Web is the formal representation of concepts and their relationships using the Resource Description Framework (RDF) and the Web Ontology Language (OWL) variants [5], [6]. These families of languages allow one to describe semantic relationships between concepts and ontologies, which can be queried using a first-order logic reasoner. An underlying assumption to these methods is the realist approach to semantics, which states that the meanings of concepts are in the real world. That is, there is a direct mapping between language terms and the world but there is no consideration of how individuals understand concepts differently. In contrast, cognitive semantics states that the meanings of terms are cognitive structures in people’s minds. This approach is of central importance for the Semantic Web, because web services interface with human users.

This isn't excellent or significant in the sense that the emergence of CSML demonstrates h2cm as a conceptual space.

Far from it.

Here and for h2cm CSML is obviously an essential tool to examine, understand and possibly extend. Anyone for PHP and XML (Drupal)? Reading the paper, it's clear that even thinking of applying CSML to Hodges' model demands answers to difficult and yet fascinating questions that involve nursing (theory, practice and values), informatics, philosophy and some maths too.

Image source:
http://www.lucs.lu.se/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/conceptual_spaces_wordl.png

Sunday, April 15, 2012

What really makes us human?

"Remembering is fundamentally recursive,
because it involves inserting a past mental state into the present one."

Michael Corballis, Essay: What really makes us human?, New Scientist, 1st September 2007 p.48-49.
https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg19526196-300-essay-what-really-makes-us-human/

Monday, March 19, 2012

How solid is the framework? Paper: Perceptual ratings of opposite spatial properties...

In researching conceptual spaces and h2cm I came across the following paper:

Bianchi, I. , Savardi, U., Burro, R. (2011). Perceptual ratings of opposite spatial properties: Do they lie on the same dimension? Acta Psychologica, 138, 3, 405-418.

As constructed h2cm makes several assumptions with its axial structure. Is the placement of humanistic – mechanistic and individual – group on continua truly representative of the opposites of continua?

It seems that to address this question we must investigate cognitive linguistics. Bianchi et al., raise the following for consideration:

The idea that two contrary properties lie on the same continuum has formed the basis of various methodologies used in experimental research in the field of Psychology since the late sixties (e.g. the differential semantic method, Likert scales, etc.); however, an increasing number of methodologists are facing problems connected to the assumption of unidimensionality in opposite scales ... (p.405).
I wonder to what extent the original purposes of h2cm can support the existing continua? Nursing and the scope of nursing should also be able to substantiate the model. Nursing is person-centred. 
The idea that opposites presuppose an underlying continuum has been a default assumption in linguistics and cognitive semantics for more than two decades even though it has been noted that in every-day language people describe their perceptions in terms of opposites (“you are driving fast”, “the walk is long”, “the room is small”, “it's hot today”) instead of using unidimensional scales (respectively, velocity, size and temperature) (p.406).
Related post:
http://hodges-model.blogspot.co.uk/2009/08/combining-h2cm-informing-science-and.html

Friday, November 04, 2011

PJ's project [ii]: Hodges' model An aide mémoire, or candidate Gärdenforsian conceptual space? Or would you like a mint?

This 'project' has in reality been ongoing through some thirty years. Although Hodges' model is by its very nature - broad and generic - I'm sure there is a specific research question here. For me this question combines nursing (theory and practice), informatics, health and public engagement. One possible question that h2cm provokes concerns whether the model can be considered a conceptual space?

Over a couple of years I've been adding to some notes which for want of another I've framed under the question above. These notes inevitably languish for a while given a full-time nursing job (plus learning Drupal, this blog, doing posters ...). Picking the text up recently though the intro material seems to have fallen into place. An introduction should cover the recurring issues, challenges - opportunities found in nursing. Although I have the secateurs in hand and the spring is warm, Hodges' model requires that education and cognitive science are also be considered in this way. Anyway, here is the current working outline:

Hodges' model: A mere aide mémoire, or candidate Gärdenforsian conceptual space?

Abstract

Part 1: Introducing Health & Social Care, Education, Hodges' model

1 Introduction
 1.1 Health and Social Care
 1.2 Recurring Issues in Health and Social Care

2 Education
 2.0 Introduction
 2.1 Education in the 21st Century
 2.2 Issues arising in Education

3 Health Care and Nursing Theory and Hodges' model
 3.0 Introduction
 3.1 Models of Nursing (Care)
  Definitions
 3.2 Hodges' Health Career - Care Domains - Model
 3.3 Information, energy?, records

Part 2: Cognitive Science & Conceptual Spaces

4 Cognitive Science and Computing
 4.0 Introduction
 4.1 Models, contexts, situations, the Project and (Darwinian) Justification
 4.2 Forms of Literacy, Requirements and Socio-Technical Perspectives
 4.3 Computation and Computer Graphics

5 Gardenfors' Conceptual Spaces

 5.0 Introduction

Drawing upon the cognitive science and computing literature the objectives of Gärdenfors’ Conceptual Spaces are made clear from the outset:

‘… is to show that a conceptual mode based on geometrical and topological representations deserves at least as much attention in cognitive science as the symbolic and associationistic approaches’ . p.2.

To what extent is h2cm a geometrical and topological representation? It appears on a simplistic level to qualify as a complex plane (Derbyshire, 2008). In this case, however, the closest we get to imaginary numbers in the negative sense are the null hypotheses of clinical research and reasoning amid uncertainty (REF). Gärdenfors continues:

‘This is a book about the geometry of thought. A theory of conceptual spaces will be developed as a particular framework for representing information on the conceptual level.’ p.2.

Hodges' model provides a framework, but as already noted it is not as yet theory based. It is based on practice, with appeals to experience and the knowledge and skills deployed in the health and social care sector. Could the h2cm framework work with Gärdenfors theory of conceptual spaces and his resulting framework for representing information? When Gärdenfors refers to his book being about the geometry of thought, here I would ask: What have nursing theorists sought? In addition to the stated motivations, surely a geometry of nursing thought? Nursing theorists seek rules and laws for a 'geometry' of care. A geometry of care is no less idealised, no less Platonic in form ultimately reflecting the values of the profession. A geometry of care would clearly be an achievement of harmony in the midst of discord and suffering. Additionally as the nursing discipline appears to some to be compromised in respect of practice, training, attitudes and professionalism.

 5.1 Representation, Explanation and Construction
 5.2 Background on key research methods
 5.3 Gärdenfors conceptual spaces - selected definitions
 5.4 Purposes, Holistic Bandwidth, Safety, Benefits and the Socio-Technical (repetition, move?)

Part 3:

6 Nursing, Care Theory and Care Domains
 6.0 Introduction
 6.1 Indicative literature review
 6.2 H2CM, Research methods and Data, Data, Data, (Data!)

Conceptual Spaces: Process, Practice and Domains - Hodges’ model

Part 4:

Coding and Classification, Ontologies, RDF, Semantic Web
Icons, glyphs, blobs
Patterns, wholes and parts
Users, Purposes and Scope of Application
Drupal and Ruby
Domains and Domain Specific Languages
Closing Discussion

(Back to this post:)
Don't ask why I am doing this. Chaos does reign here - 'Indicative literature review' in the midst...! In my defence these are notes, what's the question? Bits of the text move about, some disappears. Part 4 could become two, or three new parts, but no more than that! To what extent is there a case for M.I.N.T. a Modern Information-oriented Nursing Theory?*

Can you get there from a conceptual framework? When you get on the "conceptual framework" bus, can we simply change the destination to "conceptual space"? Has the academic bus already been and gone, or it drove right past: "Not in Service". Is this too big an ask of a bus? You need a ship to cross an ocean - even one that is illusory.

One thing I am sure of is that the model - #h2cm, this blog #W2tQ, my picking out Drupal, Ruby and the potential of visualization in the social sciences must come together in some way. One can inform the other. There is something really worth doing here. If in the end I don't get to do it well maybe others can finish the piece (the ambiguity here is intentional). Where's that illusory ship....

* M.I.N.T. sounds better than F.I.H.T. - you know cool and refreshing; but I do prefer and we really do need a Future & Information-oriented Health Theory?

Derbyshire, J. (2008). Unknown Quantity, Atlantic Books. p.12.

Gärdenfors, P. (2000). Conceptual Spaces, Cambridge.

Friday, October 14, 2011

ERCIM News No. 87: Special theme "Ambient Assisted Living"

Dear ERCIM News Reader,

https://ercim-news.ercim.eu/en87
ERCIM News No. 87 has just been published at
 http://ercim-news.ercim.eu/

Special Theme: "Ambient Assisted Living"

Guest editors: Michael Pieper (Fraunhofer FIT, Germany), Margherita Antona (ICS-FORTH), Greece) and Ulyses Cortes (UPC, Spain)
http://ercim-news.ercim.eu/en87/special

Keynote by Constantine Stephanidis, Director, ICS-FORTH
http://ercim-news.ercim.eu/en87/keynote/

This issue also features a section on FET Flagships, introduced by Mario Campolargo, European Commission Director, Directorate F: Emerging Technologies and Infrastructures, Information Society and Media Directorate General.

The six FET Flagship Pilots - "Graphene", "Guardian Angels for a Smarter Life", "FuturICT", "IT Future of Medicine", "The Human Brain Project" and "Robot Companions for Citizens" present their vision and what they would like to achieve in the next ten years.
http://ercim-news.ercim.eu/en87/es

Next issue: January 2012 - Special Theme: "Evolving Software"
(see call at http://ercim-news.ercim.eu/call)

Thank you for your interest in ERCIM News.
Feel free to forward this message to others who might be interested.

Best regards,
Peter Kunz
ERCIM News central editor

Thursday, April 14, 2011

ERCIM News No.85 Special theme "Unconventional Computing Paradigms"

Dear ERCIM News Reader,

ERCIM News No. 85 has just been published at http://ercim-news.ercim.eu/
Special Theme: "Unconventional Computing Paradigms"

- coordinated by: coordinated by Jiri Vala, National University of Ireland Maynooth (Quantum Computing )
and Giancarlo Mauri, Università di Milano-Bicocca (Molecular and Cellular Computing)

- featuring a keynote by Susan Stepney, Deptartment of Computer Science, and Centre for Complex Systems Analysis, University of York.

Includes: E-services for the Elderly at Home [OLDES]

Next issue: July 2011 - Special Theme: "ICT for Cultural Heritage"

Thank you for your interest in ERCIM News.
Feel free to forward this message to others who might be interested.


Best regards,
Peter Kunz
ERCIM News central editor

Friday, January 14, 2011

ERCIM News No. 84 Special theme "Intelligent and Cognitive Systems"

Dear ERCIM News Reader,

ERCIM News No. 84 has just been published at http://ercim-news.ercim.eu/

Special Theme:
"Intelligent and Cognitive Systems"
- coordinated by: Rüdiger Dillmann and Tamim Asfour, Institute for Anthropomatics, Institute of Technology Karlsruhe, and Antonis Argyros, FORTH-ICS

https://ercim-news.ercim.eu/en84
- featuring the keynote "Cognitive Systems and Robotics" in the ICT Programme of the European Commission, by Hans-Georg Stork, European Commission, Information Society and Media Directorate General, Unit E5 “Cognitive Systems,Interaction, Robotics.

Includes on p.20
Long-term Evaluation of a Mobile Remote Presence Robot for the Elderly
by Amedeo Cesta, Gabriella Cortellessa, Lorenza Tiberio

Next issue: April 2011 - Special Theme: "Unconventional Computing Paradigms"

Thank you for your interest in ERCIM News.

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ERCIM News central editor

Thursday, September 09, 2010

Gardner's 5 Minds for the Future (and the Question)

In order to pursue post graduate study you need a project, which demands a question. Formulating a research question is central. I wonder however whether there remains a bias - hard sciences vs humanities (and triangulation) - towards a class of questions that are closed and so can be answered in X-words : Y-time : with Z-funding? Thereby passing through the necessary academic hoops. Of course I realise that if there are no constraints then chaos would ensue. I just wonder if the journey (creativity, discovery ...) might be lost for the sake of assuring the end product?

My questions (apart from 'beware reflex moves') tend to be framed in broad terms. You could say that as yet I am not disciplined (specific) enough to come up with a question that passes "GO!"

In Howard Gardner's Five Minds for the Future the issue of educational programmes is raised and I read the following:

The second antidote entails the creation of educational programs directed specifically at certain individuals of promise - for example, leaders of tomorrow. Chief executives and general managers are expected to be able to see the big picture - to look beyond their own background and specialization; to understand the various components in their organization or constituency; to think systematically about what is working, what is not working, and how goals can be more effectively achieved. ...

Other individuals - for example, those exhibiting a "searchlight" or "bricoleur" intelligence - might be attracted to such programs as well. They would make use of their enhanced skills even if they do not occupy explicit leadership roles. Perhaps, as educator Vartan Gregorian has suggested, we need a specialization in becoming a generalist. p.75.

Gardner, H. (2008) Five Minds for the Future, Harvard University Press.

Monday, August 16, 2010

Paper: Patel et al. (2009) Clinical complexity and medical education

The following item about a paper from last year was posted by Rakesh Biswas on the COMPLEXITY-PRIMARY-CARE list. After Rakesh's comments I have included a quotation.

The paper in question by Patel, et al. will be an important reference for me, even though the definition of domain and discipline remains problematic. (A glossary for the health career model will follow on the new site.)

Suddenly, the passing of time is also clear given that:

Shortcliffe, E.H. (et al.) Ed. (1990) A History of Medical Informatics, Wokingham, Addison-Wesley Publishing Co.

- appeared twenty years ago. Ten years ago I cited Shortcliffe et al..

Twenty years! How long is that in technology / internet terms?

The bold text below is my emphasis:

From: Rakesh Biswas
To: COMPLEXITY-PRIMARY-CARE@JISCMAIL.AC.UK
Sent: Thu, 12 August, 2010 16:41:06
Subject: Clinical complexity and medical education


As our society progresses in the accumulation of knowledge and as the complexity of this knowledge increases, it becomes more important to determine how to structure education to provide individuals with the most comprehensive base of knowledge without sacrificing either depth and complexity or broadness of material.

Human beings have an extraordinary capacity for storing large volumes of organized information in memory. How does one apply such detailed knowledge to practical, real-world problems and situations?

What is the optimal mode of learning that will promote flexibility and transfer of general knowledge across domains during problem-solving?

For more, see the article by Dr Patel whose focus area is Medical Cognition (how doctors think and develop their so called expertise).

Regards,
Rakesh

Here is a quote from the paper:

Much of the early research in the study of reasoning in domains such as medicine was carried out in laboratory or experimental settings. There has been a shift in more recent years toward examining cognitive issues in naturalistic medical settings, such as medical teams in intensive care units [2], anesthesiologists working in surgery[89], nurses providing emergency telephone triage [90], and reasoning with technology by patients [91] in the health care system. This research was informed by work in the area of dynamic decision-making [92], complex problem-solving [93], human factors [94,95], and cognitive engineering [44]. Naturalistic studies reshaped researchers’ views of human thinking, as expressed in ‘‘situativity” theory’s terms (as described in Section 2.1.4) [23–26], by shifting the onus of cognition from being the unique province of the individual to being distributed across social and technological contexts. p.186.

Whilst as Rakesh points out Dr. Patel's focus is medical cognition, then through the health career model it would appear my interest is nursing cognition. As per the legacy of models of nursing - which did recognize the patient through the concept of patiency (Stevens, 1979) - we realise that now all disciplines must demand much more of their respective models in the 21st century.

Patel, V.L., et al. (2009) Cognitive and learning sciences in biomedical and health instructional design: A review with lessons for biomedical informatics education, Journal of Biomedical Informatics, 42, 176–197.
doi:10.1016/j.jbi.2008.12.002

Stevens, B.J. (1979) Nursing Theory: Analysis, Application, Evaluation. Boston: Little, Brown and Company.

Monday, July 12, 2010

ERCIM News No. 82 Special theme "Computational Biology"

Dear ERCIM News Reader

ERCIM News No. 82 has just been published at http://ercim-news.ercim.eu/

Special Theme: "Computational Biology"

- coordinated by: Gunnar Klau, CWI, The Netherlands and Jacques Nicolas, INRIA, France

- featuring a keynote by Dirk J. Evers, Director, Computational Biology, Illumina, Inc.

Next issue: October 2010 - Special Theme: "Cloud Computing Platforms, Software, and Applications"

(see call for articles)

Thank you for your interest in ERCIM News.

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Peter Kunz
ERCIM News central editor



Of specific interest to me pages 59-60:

Graph Transformation for Consolidation of Creativity Sessions Results
by Peter Dolog
idSpace

Thursday, April 22, 2010

A call for applications for the 3rd phase of Lifelong Health and Wellbeing (LLHW)


Advanced Notice

A call for applications for the third phase of Lifelong Health and Wellbeing (LLHW) will be announced in early May 2010.

Lifelong Health and Wellbeing is a major cross-council initiative involving AHRC, BBSRC, EPSRC, ESRC and MRC in partnership with the UK health departments. LLHW supports multi-disciplinary research addressing factors across the life course that influence healthy ageing and wellbeing in later life.

The initiative aims to lead to improvements in health and quality of life in later life, inform policy and practice and increase capacity building in ageing related research.

Phase 3 will invite high-quality innovative multidisciplinary applications that focus on major ageing-related challenges faced by the UK in the 21st century. Proposals will be welcome from multidisciplinary teams in the areas of, but not restricted to the following:

  • Mental Health and Wellbeing including quality of life, preserving cognitive function and exploiting mental capital
  • Resilience for successful ageing: from cell to society including life course influences, markers for ageing and processes of ageing
  • Age-related conditions, including frailty and interventions to promote independence in later life.
Structure of the call
Funds will be available through two modes of support:

LLHW Research Grants - up to £10m will be available for multi-disciplinary research awards from £300k up to £2.5m over three to five years.

LLHW Pilot Studies - a total of £2.5m to fund up to 10 pilot or feasibility studies for a maximum of two years, aimed at informing the development of future cross-disciplinary research proposals.

Selection Criteria
Successful proposals will be of strategic importance, be truly multi-disciplinary, encompassing the remits of more than one Research Council, and have clearly articulated and robust methodology and design.

Further information
Updates and further information about phase 3 can be found on the website:
https://mrc.ukri.org/research/initiatives/lifelong-health-wellbeing/

My source:
Charlotte Jones
NDA Programme Secretary
The University of Sheffield
Department of Sociological Studies
Elmfield, Northumberland Road
Sheffield, S10 2TU, UK

Thursday, March 25, 2010

Design an interactive space - 2 meters square - for Expolab project

My source: DESRIST discussion LinkedIn

Hello DESRIST members.

This is about an interactive design project, and the folks at Citilab are very interested in design research. Check it out if you're interested.

Letting you know that Citilab Cornella has an open call for exhibits that explore digital technology for their new project "Expolab". This experiment challenges designers to design 1 or more Expolab cubes with interactives that explore how new digital media and tech affects how we share memories, connect, travel through time and space, work, and experience safety. An opportunity to experiment, and work with the brilliant Expolab team Irene Lapuente, Ramon Sangüesa, and Astrid Lubsen of Citilab.

Start with the cubed 2mx2m space, then modify the space/walls as needed to make it experimental and interactive. Spaces will be equipped with electric and internet connections if needed. Citilab will build 6 of these and put them on display in Barcelona. Expolab cubes can have any number of walls, you can design the whole thing as long as it fits in 2mx2m. The Tech Virtual hosts free 3D prototyping space in Second Life for you to build or document your entry ( http://slurl.com/secondlife/The%20Tech%202/160/211/33 ). If you'd prefer to use your own tools that's fine too, just upload your screenshots after creating a project at:

Looking forward to some new input on this experimental venture! Expolab team comes online for live design reviews Thursdays at 13:00 EST / 10:00 PST / and 18:00 CET (Barcelona). Did I miss anything? Send a note to ...

About Expolab:
"Expolab is a new way to understand exhibitions. It is a laboratory devoted to researching and creating new exhibitions in the area of technology, innovation, science and design, which are the main focus of work at Citilab. Expolab raises the possibility of creating exhibitions with strong citizen participation and contribution from the very beginning of an exhibition, and not just using the audience as providers of feedback once the exhibitions is one. This represents a new challenge within the world of museums and exhibitions.