Hodges' Model: Welcome to the QUAD: mortality

Hodges' model is a conceptual framework to support reflection and critical thinking. Situated, the model can help integrate all disciplines (academic and professional). Amid news items, are posts that illustrate the scope and application of the model. A bibliography and A4 template are provided in the sidebar. Welcome to the QUAD ...

Showing posts with label mortality. Show all posts
Showing posts with label mortality. Show all posts

Thursday, April 02, 2026

Launch of National Knife Crime Centre

INDIVIDUAL
|
    INTERPERSONAL    :     SCIENCES               
HUMANISTIC --------------------------------------  MECHANISTIC      
SOCIOLOGY  :   POLITICAL 
|
GROUP
Is this a knife I see before me?
Or is it something else?
 
Am I being duped and taken for a fool?
But, nobody will bother me now!
I'm ready...!
 
I don't think this is right.
 
Either way, I'm asking for trouble?
 
Will anybody else listen? 


Should I risk trying to buy a knife?
How? Shop, or online?

Do I look 18?
I've seen the signs by the tills.

Can I pass as an 18 year old?
Should I pick it up and take it?

Or, do I leave it exactly where it is hidden?

Do I really need a knife, 
because he/she/they have one?

Can I ask a friend?
My cousin? No they'd grass on me.
Could I pay that 5th year?

Ben Kinsella Trust



NATIONAL CENTRE FOR KNIFE CRIME
 
Ronan's Law
 



My sources: BBC Radio 4 'Today' 2nd April 2026.

Previously: 'crime' : 'knives' : 'law'

Friday, March 20, 2026

Florence Nightingale Commemoration Service

Supporting nurses and midwives to promote health, improve care and save lives Florence Nightingale Commemoration Service

The second group of public tickets for the Florence Nightingale Commemoration Service will be available at 13:00 GMT on 24 March. Click the button below as soon as possible after this time, to complete the form to apply. 

You will be able to request a maximum of 2 tickets and you will need to complete the form with your name and email address. If you are requesting two tickets you will also need to give the name and email address of the second person. 

Please note that if you provide guest details they will then receive an email with an invitation and will need to RSVP themselves in order to secure their ticket. 

If you have further queries please visit our Frequently Asked Question page.

🔷

INDIVIDUAL
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    INTERPERSONAL    :     SCIENCES               
HUMANISTIC --------------------------------------  MECHANISTIC      
SOCIOLOGY  :   POLITICAL 
|
GROUP
On Wednesday in Waterstones, Deansgate, Manchester, I spotted this book. Opening it randomly - I kid you not - it fell to pp.204-205, and Florence Nightingale's contribution.



'At that time, the idea of visualizing data in order to make its messages clearer to non-mathematicians (including politicians) in order to change minds and inform opinions had started to gain traction in Europe but was not common in England. Nightingale continued to use statistical diagrams to communicate stories hidden in data, and while this clearly contributed to improvements in health and mortality in British military encampments at home and abroad (and by extension in the population in general), it is also undoubtedly the case that she helped to popularize the use of appropriate data visualization methods to expand the reach of statistical information beyond specialist audiences. A testament to the influence of her work is that the Royal Statistical Society had the honour of accepting Florence Nightingale as their first female member in 1859.' p.204.


 
Thomas K. Briggs. (2025) The Mathematicians' Library The books that unlocked the power of numbers Hardback. Part of the Libri Historici series. Ivy Press.
 
Previously: 'Nightingale' : 'math' 

My source: Waterstone, Deansgate, Manchester and email Florence Nightingale Foundation.

Monday, February 16, 2026

Webinar [18th] Maternal Mortality and the impact of health system stability

Dear IBP Network Colleagues,

Please see the webinar happening this week!

Maternal deaths are increasingly concentrated in humanitarian and fragile settings. This webinar will present key findings, aligned with the latest maternal mortality ratio data published in 2025.

🌍 Speakers from HRP and WHO will discuss trends, data gaps and implications for policy and programmes, with country case studies from Myanmar, Haiti, Papua New Guinea and Ukraine, as well as perspectives from UNFPA.

🧭 The session will explore how health system stability can help protect maternal health amid conflict, fragility and crisis.

The session will be in English with French interpretation

Register Here:
https://bit.ly/4kAKloC

 

My source: 

Nandita Thatte, DrPH

Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health

World Health Organization

Geneva, Switzerland

Email: thatten AT who.int

ibpnetwork.org

Tuesday, April 18, 2023

'Hard to Reach' or 'Easy to Ignore'

"MPs call for Government target to eliminate maternal health disparities"


Committee Room

"The Women and Equalities Committee has called on the Government to set a definitive target to eliminate “appalling” disparities in maternal deaths. Black women are almost four times more likely to die from childbirth than white women. Maternal death rates in deprived areas are on the rise, with women in the most deprived areas 2.5 times more likely to die than those in the least deprived areas."


INDIVIDUAL
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 INTERPERSONAL    :     SCIENCES               
HUMANISTIC --------------------------------------  MECHANISTIC      
SOCIOLOGY  :   POLITICAL 
|
GROUP

'Easy to ignore'

'Hard to reach'

Hard to reach

Easy to ignore


Text in Hodges' Model c/o Donna Ockenden BBC Radio 4 Today 18 April, 2023 

Monday, March 06, 2023

Invite to a Disaster

 INDIVIDUAL
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 INTERPERSONAL    :     SCIENCES               
HUMANISTIC --------------------------------------  MECHANISTIC      
SOCIOLOGY  :   POLITICAL 
|
GROUP


"THREE DAYS AFTER THE JANUARY 14, 1907, JAMAICAN EARTHQUAKE, two American naval ships, the Missouri and the Indiana, alerted by their newly installed radio receivers, moored in Kingston Harbour and disembarked sailors who patrolled the streets, shared provisions, and brought the injured to the ship's hospital. ...



When the island's British governor, Alexander Swettenham, discovered the American presence, he was apoplectic and demanded an immediate re-embarkation and expelled the US ships. The diplomatic crisis was only resolved weeks later after the governor issued a formal apology and resigned.

The incident highlighted the need for international protocols around disaster diplomacy. To attend another country's catastrophe you need an invitation. The following year the first rescuers in Messina the day after the December 28, 1908, earthquake were sailors from the Russian cruiser Admiral Makarov, accompanied by two naval escorts that happened to have been moored down the coast at Augusta. Within days, rival fleets arrived from Britain, France, and the United States.

A catastrophe now provided the unanticipated world stage on which nations projected their international status through the strength and speed of their humanitarian missions. Kurt Waldheim, secretary-general of the United Nations, said in 1978: "Four years ago I believed that humanitarian relief was above politics. Now I know that humanitarian relief is politics." pp.201-202.

 
Robert Muir-Wood (2016) The Cure for Catastrophe: How We Can Stop Manufacturing Natural Disasters, London: OneWorld Publications. ISBN-10: 1786070057

See also ...

Wednesday, December 07, 2022

Clean Air (Human Rights) Bill passes 3rd reading in House of Lords

Dear Peter

Clean Air (Human Rights) Bill passes 3rd reading in House of Lords!

Green Baroness Jenny Jones' Clean Air (Human Rights) Bill passed its 3rd reading in the House of Lords on Friday 2 December with strong cross-party support! This landmark Bill is also known as Ella's Law in memory of nine-year-old Ella Roberta Adoo Kissi-Debrah, the first person to have air pollution listed by a coroner as a cause of death.


This Green Party achievement could not have come at a more fitting time, as this week (5-9 December) marks the 70th anniversary of the Great Smog of London, which killed up to 12,000 people and led to the first Clean Air Act in 1956. But air pollution still kills around 40,000 people a year in the UK and causes severe ill health for millions more.

Great Smog Week is a great opportunity to highlight the need to bring air quality in our towns and cities to within World Health Organization limits – exactly what Ella's Law is designed to do. Here's how you can help:

💚 Sign the petition here

💚 Share our posts on Twitter, Facebook or Instagram about the Great Smog and Ella's Law
💚 Email your MP to say that you want action to reduce air pollution and ask them to support the Clean Air (Human Rights) Bill when it reaches the House of Commons. There's information on the Bill and why it's so badly needed here

As always, thank you for your support,

In solidarity,

Green Team

See also on W2tQ 'pollution'

Saturday, November 05, 2022

Lab rats ... Experiment ongoing ... c/o BBC Radio 4




 INDIVIDUAL
|
 INTERPERSONAL    :     SCIENCES               
HUMANISTIC --------------------------------------  MECHANISTIC      
SOCIOLOGY  :   POLITICAL 
|
GROUP

define: pacific

psychological resource (fight)

lab rats, guinea pigs

'piece of kit', equipment

"out of sight (a hemisphere away!)"

welfare & wellbeing

Armed Forces Covenant

Group - who is left?

informed consent

the State: Test veterans

What did you say 'pacific' means?


British Nuclear Test Veterans Association BNTVA

Sunday, October 02, 2022

Patient navigation model - Paper: mapped to h2cm


On twitter I learned of an EU project @CANCERLESS_EU and an initial paper:

 Exploring the application of the navigation model with people experiencing homelessness: a scoping review, Journal of Social Distress and Homelessness, DOI: 10.1080/10530789.2021.2021363

Phrases like 'navigation', 'architecture', 'maps' are a trigger so after some tweets, I was kindly directed to the above paper.

Here, I'm mapping patient navigation and related concepts I have added, to Hodges' model.


"Patient navigation is a community-based and person-centered intervention, whereby a named worker – the navigator – supports and guides individuals to overcome the barriers they face in accessing healthcare services and works to facilitate timely and appropriate access to care for the individual as well as their relatives, and caregivers, when needed (Freeman, 2012; Wang et al., 2015)."

 INDIVIDUAL
|
 INTERPERSONAL    :     SCIENCES               
HUMANISTIC --------------------------------------  MECHANISTIC      
SOCIOLOGY  :   POLITICAL 
|
GROUP
psycho-
depression, anxiety,
distress, trauma (psyche)
serious mental health
substance misuse
dual diagnosis

vulnerability
isolated

difficult to engage, missing appointments, no designated point of access - Address

Personally reliant on welfare/benefits for finance - phone contact sporadic.

providing emotional support, phone, transport
Hit by energy costs/rent (pre-payment)
if finding a place.
hopelessness, lack of trust - let down many times? Stigmatized attitudes towards treatment?
tailored health education

asocial (due to lived experience, trauma..?)

-geography
low-income areas, or areas with a high proportion of ethnic minorities or migrants
USA - other nations - terminology?

method: scoping review, literature search,
inc. exc criteria
interventions tailored to age and gender

respiratory conditions,
trauma (physical)
excess winter mortality

"homeless population having an average age at death of just 47, 30 years lower than that for the general population"

exposure to activities known to
increase risk of cancer
HIV patients
data - inc. no-show rates
in-person / phone

Timeliness of screening, intervention

Navigators - lay persons,
or clinical professionals

Lived experience, "near peer" family

Training for Navigators

organizing and attending appointments and facilitating self-care/self-management

clinical and community settings, parks, pavements, and homeless encampments,
home visits, walking and support groups

*
risk of stigmatization and
experienced discrimination

navigation less successful with certain groups?


Underserved, marginalized people
Homelessness
High-risk of poor health-related outcomes
reported barriers

access to appropriate healthcare for this population are also often compounded by lack of insurance, legal problems*...

...the PN model has been associated with a reduction in hospital costs, and even in some cases, increased revenue

histories of offending and/or care
women in rural areas
non-specific vulnerable populations

reduce incarceration, vocational and volunteering activities, access to housing


Christina Carmichael, Lee Smith, Edelweiss Aldasoro, Alejandro Gil Salmerón, Tamara Alhambra-Borrás, Ascensión Doñate-Martínez, Radhika Seiler-Ramadas & Igor Grabovac (2022) Exploring the application of the navigation model with people experiencing homelessness: a scoping review, Journal of Social Distress and Homelessness, DOI: 10.1080/10530789.2021.2021363

Wednesday, August 12, 2020

The nature of catastrophe and disaster

individual
|
INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES
humanistic ----------------------------------------------- mechanistic
SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL
|
group - population
"Across northern Europe the earthquake inspired a shift from a philosophical "best of all possible worlds" optimism, ruled over by a beneficent God, to a new, darker world order of rational scepticism.
"Disaster" derives from the Greek for an ill-fated, or "bad" star  - in Italian, the dis-astro. "Disaster" captures the essence of astrology. A conjunction of planets, or the passage of a comet, triggers a calamity on earth.
The contrasting old and new worlds are captured in the original meanings of the terms "disaster" and "catastrophe."
"Catastrophe" describes the final resolution of the story in a Greek drama. In a tragedy by Aeschylus or Euripides, within the "catastrophe," one or more of the characters will die. The catastrophe is the inevitable consequence. The catastrophe is the moral." p.40.

 

Robert Muir-Wood (2016) The Cure for Catastrophe: How We Can Stop Manufacturing Natural Disasters, London: OneWorld Publications. ISBN-10: 1786070057


Thursday, April 02, 2020

Why 'Integrated Care' remains a Legacy Issue

Define 'integrated care'?

individual
|
INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES
humanistic ----------------------------------------------- mechanistic
SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL
|
group - population

Protect myself
[You Government] Protect me*


The individual need to
 'do' something with this model, 
not just think about it. 

The personal sense (illusion) of doing, with yet another install of Wamp, Drupal ...

Complexity

Systems

Uncertainty

Legacy - issues


Evidence-Based Care?
*(I have a duty of care to protect my family and community and not become the next casualty.)



Protect my loved ones
and community
Evidence-Based Policy?


The National Risk Register 2017

Is a tabletop exercise in pandemic
 planning and response sufficient?

The Political sense of thinking as 'doing'.
(This is where the lamp is always on.)




Tick here


See also:

'Desk-topping' i [ c/o BBC Radio 4 today 5 Feb. ]


Image source:
https://www.trident-crisis-solutions.co.uk/ (risk register)
https://www.bumc.bu.edu/ (tick box)

Tuesday, October 30, 2018

First WHO Global Conference on Air Pollution and Health, 30 October – 1 November 2018

individual
|
INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES
humanistic ----------------------------------------------- mechanistic
SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL
|
group

Individual potential
Self-Actualization
Anxiety - Distress
Sleep
Disability
Mental Health
Parity of Esteem




Schematic drawing, causes and effects of air pollution: (1) greenhouse effect, (2) particulate contamination, (3) increased UV radiation, (4) acid rain, (5) increased ground-level ozone concentration, (6) increased levels of nitrogen oxides. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_pollution

Outdoor Air Quality
Local, Regional, National, International, Global
7 Million deaths

Home  & Work
Indoor Air Quality
Air Pollution respects Borders?

WHO Conference on Air Pollution

@EconomicTimes
All private vehicles in Delhi will be stopped from November 1 if pollution worsens: Official #DelhiAirPollution #DelhiSmog #AirPollution

Urban Planning
Policy 


My source:
Follow this event:



Saturday, November 25, 2017

Surgery, Medicine and Nursing: Art & Science

individual
|
INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES
humanistic --------------------------------------- mechanistic
SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL
|
group

My source: Various - newspaper reviews, visits to Waterstones, Foyles, & Hatchards

Saturday, August 19, 2017

Every Third Thought

individual
|
INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES
humanistic --------------------------------------- mechanistic
SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL
|
group
Every Third Thought


First ...


Fourth.


Second ...



My source: Lewis, R. (2017) An immense personal insult - how the baby boomers see death. Saturday Review, The Times. p.13.

Thursday, July 06, 2017

Money and Mental Health [i] Impact of Mass Unemployment Events (MUEs)



This post was prompted by an infographic on twitter and an associated report that includes the infographics:

Davies AR, Homolova L, Grey C, Bellis MA (2017). Mass Unemployment Events (MUEs) – Prevention and Response from a Public Health Perspective. Public Health Wales, Cardiff ISBN 978-1-910768-42-6.

The report is very interesting, not just in it demonstrating the conceptual scope and application of Hodges' model, but in the real-world examples of people who have experienced this socioeconomic phenomena which impacts so heavily on the individual, spouses (partners) and communities. In addition the research is global across countries and industries. It is sobering to reflect also on the dynamic that is the workforce. Paradoxically, at present UK employment is at a high:


"The employment rate (the proportion of people aged from 16 to 64 who were in work) was 74.8%, the joint highest since comparable records began in 1971." (ONS June 2017).
The report does not mention the 'gig economy', but the rise of 'zero hours' a feature of the new economy is found on page 48. With demographers, forward thinking policy makers and media seers predicting the future of work as the robots not only find their feet, but walk, run and jump - you wonder where we are headed. Children will need to be educated in such a way that they are prepared to retrain, possibly several times in their working lives. Other avenues to ease the human pain are a basic universal income, and a reduced working week. You do wonder if another hidden and subtle MUE is underway? It is not so much massive, as yet, but it is happening in not so slow - slow motion ...?

What follows is drawn from section 4.


individual
|
INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES
humanistic ----------------------------------------- mechanistic
SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL
|
group - population


Effect on mental health and well-being

loss of self-esteem, increased stress,
anxiety, changes to perceived control,
shame and loss of status, withdrawal
experiencing a grieving process

insomnia, depression, self-harm,
attempted and completed suicide

loneliness

financial strain

 Effect on pre-existing poor health behaviours - 


helplessness, hopelessness

loss of individual and collective* identity


physical health

reduced freedom from disability

back-pain

mortality
reduced life expectancy

stroke, myocardial infarction
weight gain
relapse to smoking ... again


- such as, increased alcohol consumption, tobacco smoking, illegal and prescription drug misuse, and being overweight

"job for life"
hidden morbidity
spousal mental health

reduced household income

change in family dynamics

emasculation

increased conflict and domestic violence, increased unplanned pregnancy, and reduced infant growth - child educational attainment

Community impact: loss of cohesion and identity*

the already unemployed

social inequalities


women seeking community mental health support as their (male) partners will not seek help

having to work away from home

intergenerational impact

culture of worklessness, unemployability

"job for life of a family"


hidden unemployed

accumulation of debt

jobs offered not local

labour market
competition

housing market - affordability
commuting costs

reliance on food banks

 increased expenditure on antidepressants 
and related drugs

financial hardship

increased hospitalisation, out-patient attendance

Community impact: labour market and economy

Loss of industries
youth move away - 

no workers for new initiatives/industries

loss to local economy of MUE

reliance on welfare benefits



A future post will conduct a similar treatment of a publication by The Money and Mental Health Policy Institute.

Friday, October 28, 2016

Loneliness: across the Domains c/o BMJ

individual
|
INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES
humanistic -------------------------------------------  mechanistic
SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL
|
group-population

isolation

loneliness

mental health

feelings  identity  meaning

motivation - behaviour

SUBJECTIVITY

physical health, coronary heart disease , stroke

mortality

longitudinal observational studies

meta-analysis

systematic review

OBJECTIVITY

social network

 family - relationships - befriending

social isolation

quality of life

family - community cohesion

social enterprise

SOCIO-

policy

social care provision

day centers

mobility - transport

volunteering

public - funding - private

economic


Valtorta, N.K., Kanaan, M., Gilbody, S., et al. (2016). Loneliness and social isolation as risk factors for coronary heart disease and stroke: systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal observational studies. Heart. Published Online First: [April 18, 2016]. doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2015-308790

My original source:
Smyth, C. Warning: loneliness as bad for your health as tobacco & Scourge of Loneliness. The Times, 20 April 2016, p.4 and 20.

Tuesday, November 19, 2013

Immortality, the matrix and Hodges' model

The 5th care - knowledge - domain is the Spiritual

INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES
SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL
individual

floating off as souls
not dying


coming back to life
living on through legacy


group - population



My source: FT Weekend March 31 - April 1 2012, Memento mori, Book review by Julian Baggani of Stephen Cave's Immortality: The Quest to Live Forever and How It Drives Civilization.

Wednesday, December 28, 2011

[HIFA2015] Women and Children First

As we draw towards the end of the year, Ros Davies, executive director of
Women and Children First (www.wcf-uk.org) reminds us:

'This Christmas Day, 1000 women will die in childbirth.
1000 women will die this way on Boxing Day too.
In fact 1000 women die every day whilst pregnant or giving birth.

... the vast majority of these deaths could be prevented by the provision of simple information and equipment which many of us take for granted.'

http://hosted.verticalresponse.com/786283/74890f4030/1470640645/8fd055e22b/

My source:
HIFA2015: Healthcare Information For All by 2015: www.hifa2015.org