Book for review: iv "Philosophy of Care - New Approaches to Vulnerability, Otherness and Therapy"

Don't worry this is not a chapter-by-chapter review. Having cast the stone that is Hodges' model we will skip a few times.

The use of footnotes varies from chapter to chapter. They inform the text, in several instances being quite illuminating. Beside the footnote (1/3 of a page) I noted - 'baby, cacophony, perception - brain - not overwhelmed but can't ignore' (p.41). Stoicism is the focus in chapter 3; perception, fields, manifold, circles of care, self, time, situation! We have field, subfields, domains.

"Perception is always about a diagnosis of the situation in which the living being finds itself. ...

... perception is always about finding one's "whereabouts" or one's "location" in life's journey." p.42.

On the features of perception, 4/4: "might be termed the breadth or width of the perceptual field." p.42. 

"As pointed out above, all perception has the structure of a compact, continuous, and uninterrupted manifold. In other words, it forms what we have termed a field. But the perceptual field  could contain nothing but the "bare bones" of "inert" qualia, (a manifold of simple qualities impinging themselves upon the perceiver)." p.42. 

The author, Jorge de Carvalho continues another view of qualities that take place in "each given moment". This is the challenge of salience, what is significant? How to 'read' in care: the spoken, the unspoken? 

Developing notes on Hodges' model as a mathematical object, Hodges' model in its basic form as a template, I'm proposing as an empty set. The structure of Hodges' model, its two axes instantiate the "bare bones". In programming/instruction terms ... Hodges' model provides INITIALISATION. A reset. This can act as a prompt for learners to acknowledge the person - the other and consider 'unconditional positive regard'. There's polarity too (p.46) and each living being lives in its own global field, in its own global 'map' - in its own geography" (p.49). Physical geography and the change 'there' is giving rise to cogeographical (a neologism?) disruption - eco-anxiety and climate-angst. 

Psycho-geography: the polarity of our times?

Previously: NHS data breaches: the 'cogeography' of who and where?

Another note, amongst Hierocles' circles is 'reflex arc'. So many feedback loops, cascades to worry about. 

As Jorge de Carvalho writes: 'what we are talking about is a very complex field of fields. ... described both as a compass rose and as a framework of concentric circles" (p.51). [There's a relay race, a torch relay in ancient terms p.54. Care is the object that is passed on. I've a dual-shaped baton to pass on.]

Care is more than perception (p.52), care presupposes a degree of activity or action. I like the acknowledgement of 'vigilant waiting' too. For me this draws in the importance of communication; Watzlawick's Five Axioms of Communication. After all, what happens to all these perceptions? There's vulnerability, fragility and care for the sheer existence and the whole content of a given being (p.56). Jorge de Carvalho, deploys a series of numbered points which helps reading. Page 60's footnote had me drawing circles, unborn at the centre: as one. But the collective unborn in another rough circle. Eachtimeness: I like this Stoic formulation through circles. Fourthly, we arrive at pure care. I'm still pondering on ".. there is no absolute either/or dichotomy between care and its opposite" (p.61). Integration is also here, an issue for modern times, a legacy problem from ancient times?

Luis Mendes's chapter I must read again. The abstract includes:

"Three fundamental aspects will be identified: (a) the need to consider self-existence from a global point of view; (b) the need for an axis for that life-view; (c) the need for correspondence between self-existence and life-view. Apparently, this structure is formal and arbitrary. Secondly, I will analyse the structure of despair. Three fundamental aspects will be analysed: (α) the requirement for a life-view which can be applied to the totality of subjective existence; (β) the requirement for an unconditioned instance of meaning; (γ) the requirement for the exclusion of the possibility of failure." p.79.

I'm sure Kierkegaard has featured in Philosophy Now, and The Philosophers' Magazine. Mendes' focus is arbitrariness. The hypothesis is well explained (p.80) structure of care. There's much for me here: care, life-view (health career - life chances), "a global understanding maps the world" (p.81), existential map, fulfilment, meaning (of course!). Reading -

"So, a life-view needs to be stabilized, to have unity. It needs an instance that works as an axis and as a point of support. We need something to support our life" (p.83).

I could have jumped up, waved and shouted "OVER HERE!" Would Kierkegaard have been pleased? Perhaps I should have read Kierkegaard, not Michel Serres (please see bibliography in the sidebar)? Still time (fingers x'd); especially if there's any interest in the form of co-author(s)? Care is full of ideals. Mendes through Kierkegaard gives my  project encouragement: "Truth is to live for an idea." p.84. Not necessarily truth but the idealism in care, including identity. It is helpful in care to be reminded of the ideal as a calling, hence motivation (intrinsic and extrinsic) is still key. If you're intrinsically motivated, devoted to your chosen vocation, is your pay that important - to the government/organisation that employs you? A shame this is so often lost to political leaders; who, given their chosen vocation, exhibit a markedly short memory.

Braga, J. & Santiago de Carvalho, M. (Eds.), (2021) Philosophy of care: New approaches to vulnerability, otherness therapy. Springer. 

Many thanks again to Springer for my copy, especially given a follow-up request, well post-publication date.

Individual

|

      INTERPERSONAL    :     SCIENCES                   

HUMANISTIC  --------------------------------------  MECHANISTIC      

 SOCIOLOGY  :    POLITICAL 

|

Group

personal courage relational - (emotional) care despair - fulfilment motivation ideals	unity - stability maps compass - orientation models - frameworks geography
life as a whole society - community of practice external validation extrnisic motivation	sustainable development goals policy accountability failure (courage here - political convictions?)

See also:

body & soul - Book: Philosophy of care: New approaches to vulnerability, otherness therapy

Book for review: ii "Philosophy of Care - New Approaches to Vulnerability, Otherness and Therapy"

Book for review: iii "Philosophy of Care - New Approaches to Vulnerability, Otherness and Therapy"

PsychoPathology: Space, Social Perception, and Mental Disorders ...

In the Philos-L "The Liverpool List" I noticed this (online) issue of Psychopathology and was drawn to its themes, especially that of space.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

129. Space, Social Perception, and Mental Disorders: Phenomenological and Empirical Approaches
Bader, O.; Bizzari, V.; Fuchs, T.
https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/524754 (Open Access)

132. Scale for Space and Time Experience in Psychosis: Converging Phenomenological and Psychopathological Perspectives
Arantes-Gonalves, F.; Wolman, A.; Bastos-Leite, A.J.; Northoff, G.
https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/519500

143. Alterations in the Experience of Time, Space, and Intersubjectivity and the Interaction with Pre-Existent Psychopathology during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Lau, I.; et al.
https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/522345

156.  Reopening Selves: Phenomenological Considerations on Psychiatric Spaces and the Therapeutic Stance
Thoma, S.; Schwnzl, I.; Galbusera, L.
https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/517888

168. Borderline We-Space? The Phenomenology of the Background of Safety in Borderline Personality Disorder
Van Duppen, Z.; Schmidt, P.; Lowyck,B.
https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/520860

179. Borderline Personality Disorder, Lived Space, and the Stimmung
Lo Monte, F.; Englebert, J.
https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/521182

190. Background Feelings of Belonging and Psychological Trauma
Wilde, L.
https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/518327

201. Interpersonal and Intersubjective Alienation in Social Stigmatization and Depression
Paskaleva-Yankova, A.
https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/519253 (Open Access)

211. Gestalt Perception and the Experience of the Social Space in Autism: A Case Study
Bader, O.; Fuchs, T.
https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/524562 (Open Access)

Edited - removed active links, affiliations, spurious text codes/line breaks, added one et al.

INDIVIDUAL

|

 INTERPERSONAL    :     SCIENCES               

HUMANISTIC --------------------------------------  MECHANISTIC      

SOCIOLOGY  :   POLITICAL 

|

GROUP

psycho- space Intra- Interpersonal Intersubjective	-pathology space empirical
social perception 'We-space'?	space 'We-space'?

[c/o HIFA] Lancet Planetary Health: An argument for the naturalistic study of collective intelligence

Citation, extracts and a comment from me below. Full text here: https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanplh/article/PIIS2542-5196(21)00077-2/

CITATION: An argument for the naturalistic study of collective intelligence Jonathan Nattel, David Akullian
Comment| volume 5, issue 5, e247-e248, may 01, 2021
Published:May, 2021 DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(21)00077-2 

SELECTED EXTRACTS 

Over the past decade, corporate-owned digital media—minimally regulated, geared towards profit, and willing to engage a broad range of psychological techniques to command an expansive swath of human attention5—have increasingly caused information to flow around, rather than through, the structures of professional journalism as it makes its way from politicians to the public at large.

The circumvention of professional journalism as a means for filtering, organising, and distributing information has led to multiple distortions of collective perception, including the decontextualisation of information, propagation of false information, and the manipulation of public opinion by agents with a broad variety of interests. 

 the overall result has been an increase in polarisation, fragmented collective perceptions of reality, and the ensuing failures of collective discourse and decision making. All in all, ideal conditions for the emergence of populist, fascist, or dictatorial leadership. 

A study of how information is channelled within a society to support collective wellbeing and decision making might allow us to ask crucial questions, such as when a new technology for communication arrives, in what way is it healthy? In what way is it unhealthy? And in what ways must it be contained?... Given the critical juncture at which humanity currently finds itself, the timing of such a project could hardly be more crucial.

 --

Comment (NPW): 'The circumvention of professional journalism... has led to multiple distortions'. The same could be said for the circumvention of processes required for reliable and actionalble healthcare information to be made available to end users (whether the public, health workers, or policymakers). 

Neil Pakenham-Walsh, 

HIFA Coordinator, neil AT hifa.org www.hifa.org

HIFA: Healthcare Information For All: www.hifa.org 

I  have related concepts from this short work to Hodges' model, followed by a reference that reflects the naturalistic scale of the study suggested here:

individual
|

INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES

humanistic ----------------------------------------------- mechanistic

SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL

|

group

[ Multi- ] Context - Situated [ model ] HEALTH WORKERS individual perception & intelligence - literacy Individual values Individual sense making	WELL-BEING of NATURAL WORLD HEALTH WORKERS Physical PROCESSES: Time [Is there an 'Over-arching theory of health communication'?] Channels of information - tech / forms
WELL-BEING of SOCIETY Intergenerational coherence (*amid change*) PUBLIC Social processes: Diffusion, Sharing SOCIO-tech? societies: channels of information? collective perception & intelligence (wisdom of crowds?)	Channels of information - control Journalism Populist, fascist, or dictatorial leadership POLICYMAKERS Digital & other divides? Political processes Electoral Politics

 

 

Jones, P. (1996) An overarching theory of health communication? Health Informatics Journal,2,1,28-34.

Jordan JNC Conference: Mental health and stigma, Student nurse's aptitude and the MDGs

There were a great many fascinating talks at the conference in Amman. The following caught my attention:

Dr Heyam Dalky on Perception and Coping with Stigma of Mental Illness: Arab Families' Perspectives

Since I trained in the late 1970s there has been a marked positive change in the social stigma associated with medical and mental health conditions. People are by and large more enlightened regards epilepsy for example. Although perhaps some of the progress can be related to medication, medicine management and community follow-up. Mental health professionals and services are aware of the potential damage that a diagnosis of 'schizophrenia' can inflict on young adults. Despite any sense of progress I might see, there is much still to be done as campaigns such as Time To Change attest.

It was very useful then to revisit the historical development of thought in stigma. Dr Dalky also shared global insights into stigma perception within families by citing research in a range of countries; for example, in Jordan, Morocco, Sweden, Germany, China, Malaysia, and Ethiopia.

Within Hodges' model the individual, as in the self, is given a pivotal and yet mobile place (transferable from the top of the model to the center) this led me to the concept of self-stigma (Corrigan, 2009) as I draft a paper on h2cm, case formulation and diagrams.

In her presentation Dr Dalky notes:

• Link and Phelan (2001) defined stigma as the co-occurrence of the components of: 
• labeling, stereotyping, separation, status loss, and discrimination.
• “self-stigma” or “stigma perception,” is the extent to which individuals believe others stigmatize them because of who they are.

They say travel broadens the mind and listening to this presentation you really see the difficulties, objectives and aspirations that not only practitioners share but families and our clients too.

Heyam F. Dalky, PhD, RN, Jordan University of Science & Technology, Irbid, Jordan
 

Ever since my engineering aptitude was measured in the mid 1970s by predicting the movement of a series of gears I've always held a special place for aptitude and attitude, as reflected here on W2tQ.

Mrs. Maxie Andrade, et al. presentation Aptitude Towards Nursing: Is it Measurable? highlighted a central challenge within nurse education.

Nurse training represents a major personal investment for the student (their family too in many cases), the educational institutions and societies concerned. As a sign-off mentor I assess third year students on their final placement. This is a great responsibility that is usually a privilege, but it can be a frustration at the loss entailed for a failing student.

Mrs Andrade defined aptitude:

Is a condition, a quality or a set of qualities in an individual, which is indicative of the probable extent to which one will be able to acquire under suitable training some knowledge, skill or composite of knowledge, understanding and skill

Ref: Mangal S L. General Psychology. Fifteenth reprint. New Delhi: Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd; 2008.

The main questions:

Do nursing students possess the required ability (aptitude) to become an effective nurse?

What abilities do we really expect from nursing students?

The development of a tool to measure aptitude was described, reviewing the literature. Are there any existing tools within nursing? What exactly should a tool measure? Statistics and results were listed. This was a very interesting presentation and of particular interest to me.

Mrs. Maxie Andrade, Asst. Professor, Manipal College of Nursing Manipal, Manipal University


There was also a reminder of the time left to achieve the Millennium Development Goals [MDGs] c/o Prof. Hester C. Klopper's keynote: The nursing education tipping point: Forces of change. 

Less than 1,000 days and that was last month.

One thing I noticed and a sign of the issues in the Eastern Mediterranean is that the JNC conference website has proved unavailable at times. It is accessible as I post this.

Andrade M. Perceptions of health care consumers, deliverers and nurse educators on nurses, nursing practice and nursing education system. Manipal University, Manipal: 2010. (Dissertation work).
Andrade M. Choice of nursing career: Pleasure or pressure. International Journal of Nursing Education. 2012; 4(1); 42-44. 
Corrigan, P.W., Larson, J.E., Rüsch, N. (2009). Self-stigma and the “why try” effect: impact on life goals and evidence-based practices. World Psychiatry. 8(2): 75–81.

'Holistic reform of education' in Jordan (an eastern dose of serendipity)

View from The Citadel, Amman 23 April 2013

Yesterday morning I arrived back from Amman in Jordan, via Istanbul through to Manchester and full of new experiences and learning. I say 'safe and sound' because travel to the region is clearly not a matter of routine given ongoing events. Checking governmental advice in the UK it becomes a question of personal evaluation as was the unexpected trip to Colombia in 2011. Once the non-trivial decision is out of the way ... Jordan's nursing and educational communities provide a truly remarkable welcome and experience. Not only that, but the kingdom of Jordan and the people have so much to offer in their culture, history, hospitality and engagement.

Returning on Thursday from a full day's trip to Petra - amazing! - I asked for an English language paper to read at the hotel before leaving for the airport. I was provided with a copy of The Jordan Times to accompany a cappuccino^*. On page nine Mona Smadi,^# Asst. Professor, Al Balqa Applied University) wrote an opinion piece on Holistic reform of education. The opening sentence enabled my brain to reconnect with my legs (although I would have gladly walked back through the valley):

A holistic perception of reality means having a vision of the context of the constituent fragments and thereby gaining a clearer perception of the reality in its totality.

Prof. Smadi's focus is children's education and curriculum reform. The overlap between children's education, the professor's concerns and nursing is not limited to how curricula are designed and who owns them. Is, for example, the curriculum centered on the student as an individual nurse, or child? If nurses are to be able to integrate their learning and effectively negotiate the emotional and ethical spaces they find themselves in then when is this deeper thinking to start?

Petra 25 April 2013

Not surprisingly there was a lot of talk about this at the JNC conference. The theory - practice gap is not just alive and kicking there is an echo off the seemingly disparate walls. Given too the debate in the UK about student nurses spending time as a health care assistant before starting their formal nurse education. The word applied in the title of Prof. Smadi's university's is interesting. We are accustomed to applied mathematics, ethics, energy and of course applied nursing research and many other examples?

What of applied nursing - does that make sense? Or is there a circularity of sorts in nursing applied? I will check my notes as this point was raised in conference regards to evidence based care and evidence based practice.

Prof. Smadi's referring to a 'clearer perception' can also be extended to recognition of patterns, contexts and situations that are 'hot' in how they relate to values.

(There are a couple of points to add here which I will get too).


There was another serving of serendipity to add to that at Le Meridien, soon after rejoining the land of the virtual I came across the UK Department of Education's Preparing for Adulthood initiative on twitter. If you read the brief article by Prof. Smadi you will see how the two are closely related. Do lifestyles and family life today for many compromise the ability of families to teach moral values to children? As noted in the text this then becomes a critical role for education. In westernized cultures is this one of the qualities referred to in the saying of 'spending quality time' with the family? An acknowledgement of a deficit?

Source: http://www.preparingforadulthood.org.uk/

Vital and complex work in two senses. On the one hand cultures try to understand themselves; and on the other, they seek to understand the other others out there: now not so far away. The patterns that are realised be they mosaic, prayers, celtic knot, tartan, languages, landscapes - rock cut architecture - sculpture; these patterns work, that is 'make a difference' by virtue of both the detail and the whole.

"Petra is half-built, half-carved into the rock ..." UNESCO.

^#If I have not used the proper name and title I will edit this accordingly asap upon advice.
 
^*Why not an Arabic coffee? Well I had one the day before. What can I say... It was different in the preparation, being an observation as in so many cultural patterns (tea). I would like to think I will have another one day. The key thing is I did not necessarily want to have the capability to run to the airport at 11pm, or back to Petra for that matter.

Review ii - "Brainscapes: The Warped, Wondrous Maps Written in Your Brain―And How They Guide You"

Brainscapes

Now I know how Umami (p.87) an "example food magazine website to demonstrate some of the features of Drupal core" - got its name. I'm sure this was explained at a Drupal Meetup. Savoury indeed!

There had to be two! The brain has two strategies: brain maps and distributed codes.

"Representing information with a distributed code is entirely different from representing it with brain maps. In a brain map, neighboring neurons represent neighboring regions in space, frequency, time, and so forth. And brain maps essentially represent information using location, or where in the brain area the neurons are most active. In contrast, there is no consistent relationship between neighboring neurons in brain areas that use distributed codes. These areas represent information through the distributed pattern of activity across that entire region of the brain, rather than through the location of activity within it. This pattern of activity is a kind of code." pp.93-94.

This distinction is significant for Hodges' model, as the distributed codes act to deal with novelty, what is new - ongoing (lifelong) learning (p.95). Hodges' model can help distinguish between subjective and objective concerns. Schwarzlose unifies the two - via a catfish (also a goal here - but not necessarily with such an assistant).

"The map in the olfactory bulb is organised into odor zones based on molecular structure, an objective property of these compounds in the physical world. But the second map is organized into zones based on the significance of the odors to the animal." p.100.

Chapter 6 'On the Move: Brain Maps for Action' would have been useful as a student nurse at Winwick Hospital, the history in the book brings back many reminders - late 1970s. Epilepsy, then was less well understood, and managed. In describing the M1 brain map and movement I wondered about consent, but can see that is a distraction. Chapters -

6. On the Move: Brain Maps for Action | 107
7. Maps in the Making: How Brain Maps Develop and Adapt | 131
8. Knowing Again: Brain Maps for Recognition | 151

- offer much to relate to clinical encounters: movement, reaching, infant versus the brain in adults, the senses and catastrophic events such as cerebrovascular accident - stroke. Morphologically there is much still to learn (brain maps are 'primed' before birth), which perhaps is why we recognise the remarkable nature of gestation and birth. 'Maps in the Making' provides wondrous insights, including the need in hospitals to rethink the sensory environment and experience for premature infants.

While reading - I was struck at the experience of the newborn and mothers in Ukraine. The 'health career' model concerns life chances - from birth to later life...

As a community mental health nurse I have found subtle and less-subtle impacts on a person affected by semantic dementia (p.204) and their family. Given the ongoing invasion and war, I also thought about people living with dementia and having to flee their homes. The multiple contexts that pertain in such a crisis situation when considering 'maps' and sense-making. Especially, when the need for action is preemptive - preventive and so must be explained and justified, not once but perhaps repeatedly?

We are all innate mathematicians even if we feel we have no ability. 

https://www.google.com/search?client=firefox-b-d&q=mathematics+in+catching+a+ball

I take some succor in this (p.127).

There's a hodgepodge in here too (p.161 hb). The myriad of objects we encounter and their recognition calls for the combination of brain maps and distributed codes. Chapter 8 is more psychological, touching :-) how we categorise objects, dimensions and scales, size and animacy. Galton's contribution is discussed, his ideas on eugenics also acknowledged. Visual perception, mental imagery and visual learning style remain subjects of note for researchers. I'm not sure why figure 32 stood out ( :-) - please pardon the quality of the photo. Paul Kim's illustrations are an excellent support for the prose.):

FIGURE 32 A comparison of visual perception and mental imagery in
the V1 visual map. Paul Kim

Somewhere I've saved an article on mental imagery from New Scientist I think, about this ability - the mind's eye and how it is missing for some 'brilliant' people (p.182) and posted previously:

In my mind's eye I can picture care: Frame by Frame

I might read Chapter 9 again, attention, action and perception in combination. 

Chapter 10 had me thinking again about 'Conceptual Spaces' (quality dimensions) and threshold concepts (not in the book - but this is a positive!):

"Many of the concepts that rule our financial, social, and emotional well-being have no shape, no color, no odor or weight. How do we grasp these intangible concepts? As it turns out, we often do so by aligning abstract concepts with physical dimensions and then putting our brain maps to work." p.191.

There is a 'mental number line', vertical too, and culture is a factor in how we learn and the brain associates space and quantities, in which L-R, low-high are also brought into play. The question remains here: Is Hodges' model culturally neutral? 

Still with h2cm - mind reading, writing and 'drawing' perhaps? p.236. In "Fortune-Telling with the Brain" we read about how fMRI is allowing us to learn how the brain maps employ teamwork. There is an architecture whose stability can inform predictions of future abilities - reading is described. Reading this you see ethical implications (as Schwarzlose warns p.238), but it may help to target personalised learning, as an adjunct to personalised medicine? I double checked (index) and the connectome is not mentioned, but the benefits of this research is still to be realised. In 'prison health' here in the UK (and globally?) it is long overdue but it is encouraging to hear about the focus on investigation for previous brain injury within the prison population. Remember - lead in fuel and the socio-economic impacts of pollution (ongoing - air and plastic pollution)?

Corporations have literally only 'scratched the surface' of the future potential to 'read' us individually. Through Hodges' model I can qualify and justify the model's increasing relevance. Technology and science not only call for SOCIO-technical approaches. The brain-computer interface and AI (p.239) demands we also consider the several forms of literacy and informatics that are needed in the 21st century: bio-informatics, bio-political, psycho-political and more.

This is very informative and timely read - the diagrams too. This is a book for all. For student nurses specifically, it will enable them to maximize learning in their practical placements and throughout their course of study.

Writing this review I can also see the important messages in chapter 12 - recognition of infancy and the opportunities this affords.

Many thanks to Rebecca Schwarzlose and Profile Books for my review copy.

Schwarzlose, R. (2021) Brainscapes: The Warped, Wondrous Maps Written in Your Brain―And How They Guide You". London: Profile Books.

Reference [ii] "Practice in forensic psychiatry: A proposed interdisciplinary model"

Practice in forensic psychiatry:
A proposed interdisciplinary model

Expanding on the post about a further reference for Hodges' model:

Holmes, D. Perron, A. Jacob, J.D. Paradis-Gagné, É. & Gratton, S (2018). Pratique en milieu de psychiatrie légale: proposition d’un modèle interdisciplinaire. Recherche en soins infirmiers, (Practice in forensic psychiatry: A proposed interdisciplinary model). 134, 33-43. DOI: 10.3917/rsi.134.0033

Here, and on twitter I have sought to stress the limitations of the biopsychosocial model in healthcare, and I value Holmes et al. recognition of Hodges' model as politico-biopsychosocial. 

The authors also identify the structural nature of the model.

 

In comparing 'models of care' there is the question of whether Hodges' model is a model of care. As a generic conceptual framework Hodges' model can of course be used in the health care (as per its original design and creation) but it can be used to compare models of care.

Below, translated by Google are the models used in the paper.

I have altered the listing bringing the Tidal and Recovery model s together. Some I've 'mapped' in pairs, using formatting to indicate the differences.

Tidal Model

"The Tidal Model is a humanistic nursing model of recovery developed by Barker (12) with the premise that the person with mental disorder has strengths, abilities, personal priorities and a future ahead (13). This model of care, popular in forensic psychiatry circles, recognizes certain deficits of the hospitalized patient but it is especially interested in the meaning that the latter attributes to them. The sick person is the expert in his life and is therefore the one who contributes the most to his own recovery. This nursing perspective is therefore centered on the phenomenological experience (lived experience) of the patient and on the role of the staff, which is to allow healing and restore hope (12,14)."  

Recovery Model

"A popular model in mental health care, the recovery model is increasingly gaining ground in psychiatric care settings (28). The postulates of this humanistic model state that anyone, including those suffering from mental disorders, can aspire to a fulfilling future, participate in rewarding and inspiring activities, self-determination and finally, be able to live in an environment free of stigma and discrimination (29). The peculiarity of this model lies in the fact that recovery is part of a process where the person with mental illness can continue to show symptoms while being able to adapt to their condition (often chronic) and pursue their goals. life (30)."

Individual
|

INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES

humanistic ------------------------------------------ mechanistic

SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL

|

Group

recovery strengths, abilities, personal priorities deficits healing and hope phenomenological - (lived experience) personal responsibility fulfillment - life goals patient as expert personal adaptation living with x,y,z... coping strategies	place as context my future deficits signs - symptoms chronicity Institutional settings clinical - hospital
humanistic - human qualities social expectations social contribution participation - social inclusion free from stigma deficits	Institutional settings politics of recovery free from discrimination forensic deficits

<>

Integrated Practice Model

"This model was developed by Virginia Lynch, a pioneer in forensic psychiatry, and it guides the role of practicing staff in this care setting (15). There are three main theoretical foundations: 1) the fields of expertise involved (nursing, criminal justice and forensic science), 2) the health system (victim and offender, health care and forensic nursing ) and 3) the social impact (social sanction, human behavior, crime and violence) (16). According to this model, patients should be cared for using an interdisciplinary and holistic approach (15)."

Individual
|

INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES

humanistic ------------------------------------------ mechanistic

SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL

|

Group

nursing forensic psychiatry 2. health system interdisciplinary holistic OFFENDER	nursing theoretical foundations forensic science 1. fields of expertise 2. health system interdisciplinary holistic
VICTIM role of practitioners 2. health system 3. social impact (social sanction, human behavior, crime and violence)	criminal justice 2. health system

<>

Model of Nursing Interaction

"This model of care includes six categories of forensic nursing interaction with the goal of establishing a relationship with the patient: establishing and maintaining a relationship (relationship based on honesty, respect and trust), encouraging and support interactions (help the patient to recognize his qualities and use his resources), the learning of social skills (encourage the patient to do social activities and talk to others), reality orientation (help the patient patient to be aware of his way of being and of acting), reflective interactions (the perception of the patient and his problems) and the learning of practical skills (encouraging the patient to develop good lifestyle habits) ( 17,18)."

Individual
|

INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES

humanistic ------------------------------------------ mechanistic

SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL

|

Group

patient qualities, resources reflective interaction self-perception of problems reality orientation awareness of way of being and of acting	practical skills develop lifestyle skills
reality orientation learn social skills develop lifestyle skills encourage social activities talk to others	encourage and support interactions reality orientation perception of patient and problems

<>

Healthy Living Program

"This model was developed in response to metabolic syndrome and physical illnesses that may develop in people with severe mental illness (19). It includes programs related to health promotion activities such as weight reduction, smoking cessation, physical exercise, etc. It is a voluntary approach that not only improves physical health, but also independence and recovery. For the program to work in the institution and to fit into its organizational culture, the approach must be flexible and systematically maintained by the entire interdisciplinary team."

[ PARITY OF ESTEEM ] 

mental health - metabolic syndrome physical illnesses

Individual
|

INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES

humanistic ------------------------------------------ mechanistic

SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL

|

Group

independence recovery voluntary approach	(physical) health promotion activities such as weight reduction, smoking cessation, physical exercise,
independence recovery	voluntary approach for program to work in the institution and to fit into its organizational culture, the approach must be flexible and systematically maintained by the entire interdisciplinary team

<>

Holistic Model

"This model is used in forensic care in the assessment, health care and psychotherapy of patients with personality disorder (22). Holistic care includes the physical (diet and exercise), cultural, spiritual, and psychosocial needs of the patient. This model is based on problem solving, anger management and decision making. Caring is a central concept in the holistic model and is actualized in an emotional, psychosocial, constant and authentic caring response (23). It is for caregivers to be present for the patient, to respect his situation, to understand his experience and to demonstrate a desire to help."

Individual
|

INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES

humanistic ------------------------------------------ mechanistic

SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL

|

Group

holistic care personality disorder [mental] health care psychotherapy assessment emotion problem solving, anger management decision making actualized psycho-	holistic care 'caring' assessment diet, exercise health care 'being present'
-social culture holistic care 'being present' constant and authentic caring understand person's experience respect person's situation desire to help	forensic care holistic care desire to help (also exemplified in the organisation?)

<>

Good Lives Model

"This model focuses on the offense committed by the mentally disordered offender, his recovery, the promotion of personal goals, the reduction of the risk of reoffending, and the treatment of mental illness (24,25, 26). The model favors an approach based on the strengths of the patient. In addition, mechanisms of change are present, that is to say that behaviors judged to be poorly adapted are replaced by adapted behaviors when the patient is equipped with the skills, resources and support provided by the nursing staff. This model contextualizes the offense, focuses on the symptoms of mental illness while conceptualizing both as inappropriate behaviors.This model helps to better understand the relationship between mental illness and crime in order to create an individualized plan of care."

Risk-Need-Responsivity Model

"This model (27) imported from the correctional environment was adapted to the psycho-legal context by the addition of the “mental illness” dimension. It was developed primarily to reduce the risk of recurrence. Care interventions are geared towards the identification and treatment of criminogenic factors. This model is based on three major principles: the risk principle (granting the highest level of resources to the group most at risk of crime), the needs principle (identifying dynamic criminogenic risk factors and targeting them in treatment) and the principle of receptivity (adjusting programs according to the characteristics of the person: learning style, motivation, strengths, etc.) (24,25)."

Individual
|

INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES

humanistic ------------------------------------------ mechanistic

SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL

|

Group

mentally disordered (diagnosis) recovery characteristics of the person learning style (evidence?) motivation, strengths 3. principle of receptivity treatment: skills, resilience personal goals “mental illness” <-> crime recurrence individualized plan of care	1. risk principle -> resource allocation recurrence treatment 2. dynamic criminogenic risk factors  support of nursing staff
treatment [social determinants?] mechanisms of change adapted behaviours inappropriate behaviours recurrence	offense reoffending correctional environment contextualise the offence treatment principles [policy] recurrence

<>

Hodges' Health Career Model

"This model has a politico-biopsychosocial structure which is consistent with contemporary interdisciplinary practice (20); that is, it relies on a multidimensional critical approach, incorporating writings in sociology and politics, in order to understand the person in context. It is based on four objectives: measuring learning, providing holistic care, supporting reflective practice and closing the gap between theory and practice (21). This model is applicable in various clinical situations in a psycho-legal context. When this model is used as a frame of reference, it emphasizes the role of caregivers who must meet the patient's needs and focus on their problems. It also serves as a guide to assess and provide assistance to the patient vis-à-vis their physical, psychological and social needs as well as with the justice system in order to promote their recovery. The theoretical foundations call on four sources of knowledge: interpersonal, scientific, sociological and political (21)."

The PERSON in Context 

(situated)

Individual
|

INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES

humanistic ------------------------------------------ mechanistic

SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL

|

Group

INTRAPERSONAL INTERPERSONAL reflective practice conceptual structure psychological needs measure of learning psycho-	SCIENTIFIC physical needs theory-practice gap
SOCIOLOGICAL reflective practice (develop self-awareness) social needs practice-theory gap	POLITICAL justice system (needs) -legal

[ all embedded within the SPIRITUAL ]

Not just 'problems' Hodges' model can incorporate any desired stance, perspective or philosophical approach - strengths, disease, skills, weaknesses or deficits, psychosocial for example.

I am not sure about explicitly 'measuring learning, but the model can be used by learners and teaching staff / mentors to demonstrate their understanding and justify their output - formulation.

There is an instrumental potential in Hodges' model as a whole. Hodges' model can illustrate the degree of holistic intent - whether this is realised could also be indicated using the model.

Once again I am grateful to the authors for their inclusion of Hodges' model. The reference is listed in the blog's bibliography (please see the sidebar for others) which includes:

Doyle, M., Jones, P. (2013). Hodges’ Health Career Model and its role and potential application in forensic mental health nursing. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing. 20, 7, 631-640.
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2850.2012.01961.x/abstract

Jones P. (2014) Using a conceptual framework to explore the dimensions of recovery and their relationship to service user choice and self-determination. International Journal of Person Centered Medicine. Vol 3, No 4, (2013) pp.305-311.

See also on W2tQ (with overlap):

https://hodges-model.blogspot.com/search?q=forensic

https://hodges-model.blogspot.com/search?q=justice

https://hodges-model.blogspot.com/search?q=interdisciplinary

Call for Papers: Ethics, Health Data, and Bio-Citizenship

CFP: PhilosophicalNews, vol. 22, 2021

Ethics, Health Data, and Bio-Citizenship

http://www.moralphilosophy.eu/cfp/cfp-no-22/

Submission Deadline

Full paper: January 1st, 2021

Aims and Background

Adriana Petryna first introduced the term “biological citizenship” in her ethnography of the aftermath of the Chernobyl post-disaster emergency, Life Exposed [Petryna A. 2002. Life Exposed: Biological Citizens after Chernobyl. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.]. As stated by Rose and Novas, biological citizenship can be defined as an active form of citizenship that produces new forms of belonging, claims to acknowledgement of experiences, and access to resources revolving around biological and medical claims. Within this frame, the “emergency” refers to those “emerging forms of life” and introduces a new element into the philosophical, ethical, and sociological reflection: something which arises from the intertwining of modes of theoretical thinking and moral agency pertinent to different areas – medical, legal, economic, political, moral – and is not directly postulated by any of them; something whose characteristics can be identifiable, but whose result cannot be predicted. Several factors have contributed to defining the concept of biological citizenship. These include:

1.         A gnoseological expansion leading to a proliferation of disease categories in the biomedical field;

2.          New forms of bio-sociality emerging in connection with the increase in rare diseases;

3.         The consolidation of new biopolitical systems and new forms of governance;

4.          The rise of new political and moral economies of hope;

5.          An increased relevance of patient associations in decision making.

However, biological citizenship should not be constructed merely as a resurgence of the medicalization of life (Foucault), or a form of liberalization and privatization of eugenics (Habermas). In this context, this special issue aims at investigating the multidisciplinary background of the expanding moral claim to bio-sociality and bio-citizenship. As a matter of fact, being a bio-citizen carries an underlying demand for more suitable public policies and socio-economic rights to shape the universalization of fragility and vulnerability as human conditions in contemporary society. On the one hand, bio-citizenship may therefore be viewed as a proactive proposition for patient-centred healthcare within an enlarged framework of cultural and political meanings: the patient is no longer a subject, who happens to suffer from a specific impairment at a specific moment in time; rather, being a patient is a universal condition, shared by all human beings. The idea is to move from a generally negative perception of the term “patient” to a neutral or positive perception of the same concept. On the other hand, however, biological citizenship also implies an underlying and constant connection between the patient status and the involvement of health data in order for patient-centred technologies to run efficiently. This entails new (cyber) risks and vulnerabilities that might not only impoverish the empathic and emotional quality of the care relationship, but also favour a concept of democratic citizenship based on Big-data-oriented sovereignty, thus paving the way from bio-citizenship to bio-data-citizenship. This idiosyncrasy is very evident in the ongoing global experience of the COVID-19 pandemic. We are learning how contingent the necessity is to rethink the link between ethics, Big data, patient empowerment, and healthcare technology.

Original contributions discussing issues such as gender, big data, biocitizenship, or any other relevant topic will be considered, subject to approval by the Editorial Board.

Submission Details

•             8000 words (spaces included)

•             Each text has to include an abstract written in English, 300 words max.

•             All material should be submitted via e-mail to the special issue’s editors Antonio Carnevale (a.carnevale AT cyberethicslab.com) and Emanuela Tangari (e.tangari AT cyberethicslab.com).

The volume will be published in June 2021.

For further information as well as the submission of the paper, please refer to the guidelines or visit http://www.moralphilosophy.eu/cfp/cfp-no-22/

Call for Papers for Special Issue "Philosophy and Disability"

"HUMANA.MENTE Journal of Philosophical Studies"

https://www.humanamente.eu 

Call for Papers for Special Issue "Philosophy and Disability"
Editors: Brunella Casalini; Chiara Montalti

deadline for submissions: 30th September 2024

In the past fifty years, the concept of disability has productively transcended the medical, psychiatric and rehabilitative domains. It has been defined, to name some examples, as the result of social exclusion, as a cultural trope, as a territory of political struggle and resistance, as a multi-faceted experience that emerges from the several inter-relational aspects of daily life, or as a neutral or even positive space.

Since Disability Studies is a trans-disciplinary area, the research on disability has benefitted from the contributions, methodology, and conceptual tools of many different fields. Disability has been explored from the perspectives of Sociology, Art, Anthropology, Law, Literary and Cultural Studies and the Humanities at large.

Regarding the latter field, it has been pointed out that disability, even though not always explicitly addressed, “pervades” nonetheless “language and literature”: as a concept, as an image, or as a metaphorical crutch (Mitchell, Snyder, 2000; Snyder, Brueggemann, Garland-Thomson, eds., 2002). Despite this intrinsic abundance, however, disability is still largely unrecognised as a topic of academic interest, especially in the Humanities, in what David Bolt and Claire Penketh define as a form of “disciplinary avoidance” (2015) – the reasons for which should be investigated.

The scholars and researchers would therefore be invited to deepen our understanding of the possible intersection between Philosophy and disability. They would be invited, on one hand, to examine how Philosophy can be a suitable starting platform in order to address several issues related to disability, and, on the other hand, to explore how the analyses on disability may significantly impact Philosophy. We aim therefore to bring forth philosophical inquiries that investigate, among the possible topics, disabled people’s lived experiences; emerging ethical challenges; social and political implications of ableism; theoretical foundations of disability, examined through a philosophical lens.

The Special Issue aims to explore a wide range of philosophical topics related to disability, including but not limited to:

I) Examinations of various philosophical perspectives and frameworks for understanding disability, including the social model, the cultural model, the relational model and the capabilities approach.

II) Ethical considerations concerning disability, such as questions related to autonomy, dignity, justice, violence, and the ethics of care.

III) Epistemology inquiries into how disability affects knowledge, perception, and cognition.

IV) Explorations of disability's influence on art, aesthetics, and the perception of beauty.

V) Discussions on disability rights, social policies, and disabled people’s participation or exclusion from citizenship.

VI) Phenomenological analyses of lived experiences, that include the embodiment of disability and the material encounters with the world. Philosophers’ first-person experiences and accounts would also be positively valued in this regard.

VII) Analyses of the role of disability in language, in the discursive realm, in the creation of meaning, and in the construction of metaphors, including the investigation of how philosophical language and theorization could contribute to ableism, disablism, and disabled’s people exclusion.

VIII) Investigation of disability through the lens of humanism and/or its critical stances (Anti-Humanism, Philosophical Posthumanism, Transhumanism, New Materialisms, and so on).

Intersectional analyses, which explore how disability interacts with, and impacts, other social categories such as race, gender identity, sexuality, and class, would be greatly welcomed. Furthermore, contributions could cover a wide array of historical and geographical frameworks, from Ancient Philosophy towards Contemporary Philosophy – not only from a Western perspective.

Information

Deadline for submissions: 30 September 2024

Publication of the Special Issue: July 2025

We anticipate that submissions will come both through solicitations and this open Call. Papers should be between 8000 and 10,000 words (including abstracts, footnotes, and references). Only papers in English will be accepted. For further information do not hesitate to contact the editors (brunella.casalini[at]unifi.it; chiara.montalti[at]unisalento.it).

My source: 

Philos-L "The Liverpool List" is run by the Department of Philosophy, University of Liverpool https://www.liverpool.ac.uk/philosophy/philos-l/ 

Follow the list on Twitter @PhilosL. Follow the Department of Philosophy @LiverpoolPhilos