Hodges' Model: Welcome to the QUAD: September 2019

Hodges' model is a conceptual framework to support reflection and critical thinking. Situated, the model can help integrate all disciplines (academic and professional). Amid news items, are posts that illustrate the scope and application of the model. A bibliography and A4 template are provided in the sidebar. Welcome to the QUAD ...

Sunday, September 29, 2019

Scenic Sports ... in Hodges' model

individual
|
INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES
humanistic ----------------------------------------------- mechanistic
SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL
|
group - population


Rugby World Cup, photo, Foxsports.com.au, Getty Images
https://www.foxsports.com.au/rugby/rugby-world-cup/wales-unchanged-while-wallabies-swing-the-axe-for-world-cup-blockbuster/news-story/d43fef9a9311da0cd344a888773faab0

My source:
Luyken, J., Environmental exhibition in Austria attracts far-Right ire, The Daily Telegraph, 28 September 2019, p.18.

Saturday, September 28, 2019

"Sea Things" (and Care Concepts) c/o V&A

individual
|
INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES
humanistic ----------------------------------------------- mechanistic
SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL
|
group - population



Photo:
https://www.dezeen.com/2019/09/16/sam-jacob-sea-things-installation-london-design-festival/

My source:
The Times, Saturday, 14 September, 2019. p.10.

Friday, September 27, 2019

Climate Strike: Individual - Population :: Humanistic - Mechanistic

individual
|
INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES
humanistic ----------------------------------------------- mechanistic
SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL
|
group - population

KLIMAT

CLIMATE
STREJK
STRIKE

Sunday, September 22, 2019

c/o JAN: Formal Concept Analysis ... and an encouraging footnote

My source:


Andersson, N, Silver, H. Fuzzy cognitive mapping: An old tool with new uses in nursing research. J Adv Nurs. 2019; 00: 18. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.14192

This tweet prompted a reply and further reflection, as I've been aware of FCA for quite a while. A math disability (but remote fascination?) precludes me really 'getting to grips' with this. As noted before on W2tQ, visualization in the humanities (social sciences) has still not realised its potential. Those researchers, professional workers ... who could benefit from its application, being in the 'humanities', often do not understand the underlying mathematics. Even though they are not necessarily that advanced (sixth-form - undergraduate?).

Over the years I have built up a small library of related papers and books. The Macgill (1984) paper referenced below, I started to 'read' and work through and got a short way. The print quality is rather poor and obviously dated, but that is not the problem. I will try again. Since the 1980s software has changed beyond the proprietary packages of MathCad, MathLab, Maple and Mathematica and collectively they should (must?) make these methods more accessible. Of course, I thought this with regards to the use of content management system for a website (yes, that one!). Again though it's not the tools, but my choice, time and focus.

I write this and it might only be intuition, but I'm not just sure, I know there is something here.

Seeing FCA in JAN's tweet I thought of a certain footnote even though on my copy the reference seems incomplete:

Kwong, C. P. A Topological Framework for Formal Concept Analysis, The Chinese University of Hong Kong.

On the first page the footnote reads:

"The adjective "formal" is used to emphasize the mathematical substance of the objects being studied, which may be left out when such a formality is superfluous."

As you can imagine this is quite a gift for me. In a way it suggests the following from a 2x2 matrix with keywords (concepts), to an arbitrary array:

individual
|
INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES
humanistic ----------------------------------------------- mechanistic
SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL
|
group - population

1001
1110
0001
1111

1101
0100
1010
0011

1111
0011
0011
0110

0110
1111
0000
0110

There is a worry here. When your formative nurse education and training stressed the need to shift from a task-oriented approach to individualised, then filling the domains of Hodges' model with '1's and '0's is a bona fide task-checklist - even if a binary one.

There is a response to that concern for another post; but before that there is another source c/o:

Johana Ramírez Gaviria (2015) Aspectos topológicos en el Análisis deConceptos FormalesTopological aspects in Formal Concept Analysis, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Departamento de Matemáticas y Estadística Manizales, Colombia. p.6.
c/o Google, Spanish – detected, English
En [26] se plantean nuevos modelos para el FCA usando nociones de la topología algebraica. El contexto formal convencional es reemplazado por una matriz con entradas ”1” ó ”0” denominada matriz contexto, para construir una familia simplicial (familia concepto), de ahi se desprenden propiedades que relacionan la teoría de la topología algebraica con el FCA.

Cabe resaltar que hasta el momento no se ha trabajado en dotar de estructura topológica los contextos formales en el FCA generalizado, donde los datos de las tablas toman valores difusos en lugar de valores binarios como se tiene para el FCA clásico.
In [26] new models for the FCA are proposed using notions of the topology algebraic The conventional formal context is replaced by a matrix with “1” or "0" called context matrix, to build a simplicial family (concept family), from there properties that relate the theory of algebraic topology with the FCA.

It should be noted that so far no work has been done to provide a topological structure the formal contexts in the generalized FCA, where the data in the tables take values diffuse instead of binary values ​​as you have for the classic FCA. 
[26, reference is Kwong]
  The whole thesis would need translating, but I have a sense that this too is useful.

Working through papers, files, journals, books getting rid of, sorting, re-filing ... I'll see if I can add to the reading below.

Atkin, R. (1974). Mathematical Structure in Human Affairs. London, Heinemann.

Macgill, S.M. (1984). Structural Analysis of Social Data, A Guide to Ho's Galois Lattice Approach and A Partial Re-Specification of QAnalysis, Working Paper 416, School of Geography, University of Leeds.

Previous post:
Bell jars and bell curves


Thanks to @jadvnursing for this tweet in-particular and for RTs.
(Paper e-copy received with thanks c/o Neil Andersson, 25 Oct 2019.).

Saturday, September 21, 2019

Quotidian Care

Hodges' model #h2cm -
Is this your 'daily' paper?
Is care integrated on a daily basis
(or any other basis)?

individual
|
INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES
humanistic ----------------------------------------------- mechanistic
SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL
|
group - population
Quotidian: fancy word for daily, ordinary
Quotidian: is this 'ordinary' care truly personalised then according to the person's choices?
BEING - dressed & washed, content
Don't get lost in a preoccupation with tasks and what 'quotidian' means here.
A smile a day*
My name: my day, my night

Quotidian IS night & day
Basic Nursing Care
Hygiene, Skin, Activity, Mobility
BEING: Getting Dressed & Washed, content
Quotidian Malaria: paroxysms occur daily
being ALIVE..
The Handover
That apple* - balanced diet ...

 Basic Social - Personal - Care 
Social Visits, Relationships
Quotidian: OR "Not seen you in Ages!"
Social Activities, community
The Daily, Weekly Routine
Our time :together - our day, our night

Quotidian: (Reports?) By the Book
Work policy
Health and Safety
Are you/we overworked today?
Was there NO work today: ZERO hours?
The (Comprehensive) Record


*It's the attitude and effort that counts and knowing you're not alone.

Friday, September 20, 2019

Climate Strike: An Anthem from Yesterday for Tomorrow...?

individual
|
INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES
humanistic ----------------------------------------------- mechanistic
SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL
|
group - population


Rocky Mountain High
Climate
TY JD and so many others ...
STRIKE

Tuesday, September 17, 2019

"Time to care: why the humanities and the social sciences belong in the science of health" c/o BMJ Open

Reflections on this BMJ Open paper:


Care must become a truly pluralistic concept

THE SCIENCE OF HEALTH
has a requirement -
<  HOLISTIC (conceptual) BANDWIDTH  >

Consider the meaning of:

interdisciplinary
"radical interdisciplinary"
multidisciplinary
transdisciplinary
systems of systems



individual
|
INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES
HUMANITIES ------------------------------------------- SCIENCES
SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL
|
group - population
Psychological -
Sense of Well-being
Emotional contentment
purposes
mental health
conceptual integration
individual action (intentionality)
PsychoSocial OR Socio-Psychological
Youth activity
Subjective
Biological (models here)*
"Time to care"?
Pre-morbid, Diagnosis, Present, Prognosis
Chronological : Pathological TI:ME
TI:ME Clinical encounter
obesity, cancer, diabetes ...
methodologies, methods, practical
process
-TECHNICAL
         Objective
Qualitiative
 SOCIO-
practice
parenting, civil society
(families, school, churches, scout, unions)
Social Sciences (Medical Sociology)
Social Determinants
"psychosociocultural"
'folk' theories, group dynamics
CUL- deep knowledge -TURE
History (Community Memory)
Social Learning / UnLearning
Quantitative
Government
policy
individual - WHO - POPULATION
Burden of Disease, Budgets
public health programmes
 inc. immunization 
Healthcare systems
HIC ---- LMIC
sugar tax, commerce
Transportation
SDGs

*remote from the 'real' action?

Interdisciplinarity, or even radical indisciplinarity is insufficient to solve the problems of the 21st Century - ask our children... It not only sounds like they can see the evidence, but they are prepared to act on it. They have no choice:

A transdisciplinary approach with AI in humanistic harness will be essential.


Reference:
Clarke B, Ghiara V, Russo F Time to care: why the humanities and the social sciences belong in the science of health BMJ Open 2019;9:e030286. 
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030286


Saturday, September 14, 2019

Loot boxes: GET YOURS TODAY!

individual
|
INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES
humanistic ----------------------------------------------- mechanistic
SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL
|
group - population

LOOT BOXES

'Liminality' - a journey -
into gambling?

e-Gaming
Immersive Worlds
Part-work encyclopaedias
Model part-work products
(so many plastic things)

Antique collectables -
Football cards
Stamps, Coins ...


Overall cost
Oversight: parental
Policy - Government



There are no loot boxes in Hodges' model, but then again,

you could say there are four.

The loot boxes in Hodges' model are not free,

the cost is time.

For many that is already a major expenditure and at the expense of relationships, friendships and studies.

Like many games there is a challenge in Hodges' model.

By all means please do explore the knowledge (care) domains of Hodges' model.

You are then invited to reflect, weigh, balance ... and find the real loot boxes you seek.

Your mission [ if you choose to accept it ;-) ] is to learn from each of the boxes about the situation you find yourself in and fuse these new insights into one.


WHO: Gaming disorder

Note to self:
#h2cm has an addictive - memetic quality (but is not a 'memetic hazard')
As a tool it is not the only one, but is a key resource for reflection, critique and problem solving.


Thursday, September 12, 2019

8th Biennial Threshold Concepts Conference 2020

Threshold Concepts in the Moment

The 8th Biennial Threshold Concepts Conference, 2020 is taking place at University College London from July 8-10, 2020 and we are inviting submissions from across all academic disciplines. The closing deadline for submission of abstracts is Friday 6th December, 2019.
"After almost two decades of research on threshold concepts that stemmed from Myer and Land’s seminal publication in 2003 it is time to reflect and take stock. As an idea it has generated significant interest and has become a world-wide phenomenon that has captured the interest of researchers and practitioners across the globe. 
The promise it offers as a lens to consider curriculum design, approaches to pedagogy and a way of reimagining learners has already had significant impact as the Flanagan website attests… But its full potential remains as yet unrealised. Is it time for an honest appraisal of where we are and where we want to go? If we want to continue to develop the ideas then we need to ask ourselves some potentially troublesome questions:
  • Has threshold concepts become synonymous with learner difficulty?
  • Have we become entrenched in a slavish adoption of the framework? Or do we apply the framework too loosely?
  • How do we avoid thresholds becoming seen as a panacea that can explain all learner difficulty? 
In considering these and other questions the conference offers an opportunity to reflect on the achievements thus far and encourages us to consider where we think work in the area needs to go next. There will never be a single solution to support all learners master the same threshold but an awareness of threshold concepts and their associated complexities allows us to become more informed practitioners." ...
For more details please visit the conference website:

https://thresholdconcepts.home.blog/biennial-threshold-concepts-2020/biennial-conference-2020-threshold-concepts-in-the-moment/

... and see the discussion list:
https://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/TCS

Best wishes
Julie

Dr Julie Rattray SFHEA
Associate Professor of higher Education and Director of Education
School of Education
Durham University
Leazes Road
DURHAM
DH1 1TA

Email: julie.rattray AT durham.ac.uk
Twitter @joolsled
Web: https://www.dur.ac.uk/education/staff/profile/?id=1964

(The original message from Julie has been modified above with text from the conference site and mention of the discussion list.)

Wednesday, September 11, 2019

The LONG Now - in Research

individual
|
INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES
humanistic ----------------------------------------------- mechanistic
SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL
|
group - population


*I have placed Broadbalk here as agriculture was a key driver for social and community development.

See also:
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2013/7/130719-tar-pitch-longest-running-experiments-science/

Good genes are nice, but joy is better, The Harvard Gazette.
https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2017/04/over-nearly-80-years-harvard-study-has-been-showing-how-to-live-a-healthy-and-happy-life/

World's largest evidence review: Nutritional supplements for mental health
https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-09/nhri-wle090619.php

The Long Now Foundation
http://longnow.org/clock/


My source:
Whipple, T. (2019) News, Bacteria study has just 495 years to go, The Times, February 2, p.37.

Monday, September 09, 2019

Paper: "Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) in Healthcare of older people in UK care homes"

When something is described as 'comprehensive' this might suggest the need for an aide-mémoire?

"Rubenstein et al defined CGA as a ’multidisciplinary diagnostic process intended to determine a frail older person’s medical, psychosocial and functional capabilities and limitations in order to develop an overall plan for treatment and long-term follow-up’. CGA has been shown to improve outcomes for older people in hospital and community settings. It encompasses health and social care needs and facilitates multidisciplinary working. However, evidence regarding its effectiveness in care homes is limited, and there are limited data describing what needs to be in place for uptake and sustained implementation in this setting."

individual
|
INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES
humanistic ----------------------------------------------- mechanistic
SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL
|
group - population
Care home
(Lived experience?)
PURPOSEs
 (synergy across the multidisciplinary team,
consistency - communication)
Resident access to expertise

Ethics - PEACH project

Individual reasoning

[ What about the "Health Career" of residents?
FROM: date of admission TO: date now.
Residents who can perceive 'continuity of care' more likely to be assessed as having mental capacity. What of others? ]

Care home
425 000 people live in care homes
Comprehensive assessment
Realism, The situation, Context as it is
(and across all the domains; e.g. all health care currently conducted amid Brexit uncertainty).
Context-Mechanism-Outcome (CMO) configurations
Coding NVIVO - reasoning & resource components
Health-related Quality of Life (HRQoL)
Programme theory (development)
Frail
Basic and personal care needs
PROCESS
Causes, Synthesis
.Physical access

Care Homes
PRACTICE
Patient Public Involvement
Proxy, Next of Kin

Care plan
Group reasoning

"Mechanism reasoning developing a unified view and shared aims and goals for the resident."

Care Homes

"Mechanism reasoning: delegation from the multidisciplinary team to care home staff provides authority to deliver care according to the care plan."

POLICY
Outcomes: Quality, Safety
(Do see Conclusion of Paper)


The review sought papers on "multi-domain assessment".

"The practices and processes of assessment inform the whole CGA ... . Assessment of many domains of health status and impairments was represented as crucial in building a picture of an individual’s complex needs and views about their personal priorities and goals. Unlike discipline-specific needs assessment that may focus on a particular syndrome or care pathway, structured comprehensive assessment requires an overview of all domains."

Figure 2: Nested arrangement of  Context-Mechanism-Outcome (CMO) configurations


Ref.
Chadborn NH, Goodman C, Zubair M, et al Role of comprehensive geriatric assessment in healthcare of older people in UK care homes: realist review BMJ Open 2019;9:e026921. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026921

Sunday, September 08, 2019

"Cloud Reservoirs in Finite Glitch Space" by Jacob Hashimoto

individual
|
INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES
humanistic ----------------------------------------------- mechanistic
SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL
|
group - population


Jacob Hashimoto

Cloud Reservoirs in Finite Glitch Space (Reservoir III), 2018.
Woodblock monoprint, 65 x 60 inches


My source: The New York Review of Books, August 15 - September 25, 2019, Volume LXVI, Number 13, p.19.

Saturday, September 07, 2019

Genomics 101 - in Hodges' model

individual
|
INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES
humanistic ----------------------------------------------- mechanistic
SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL
|
group - population

Health Professional's Knowledge and Understanding
(Specialised clinical workforce and more generic workforce)

Genomics 101

Public understanding of Science

Managers, Policy Makers, Commissioners ...

My source: RCN Congress 2019 exhibition.

Thursday, September 05, 2019

Reflection on the Political (Domain) in Hodges' model

individual
|
INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES
humanistic ----------------------------------------------- mechanistic
SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL
|
group - population

Individual
Person

(Emotional Intelligence)

Process
Planning
Demand, Supply - Logistics
Just-in Time Delivery
"Shelf-Life"
Use by Date?
Best Before End?



Reputation

Social Epidemiology
Population Health
Public Mental Health
Public Health

(Scope of 'Practice'?
[See the domain to the right for guidance?])

Social Capital
LIFE
Social Life
Social Care

Letter: Chief Medical Officer Prof Dame Sally Davies to Rt Hon Jacob Rees-Mogg MP


My source:

Update:
https://twitter.com/BBCJayneMcC/status/1169727346481520641?s=20


Accessibility issue acknowledged.

Tuesday, September 03, 2019

CLEAR as a Mental Health Million...?

individual
|
INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES
humanistic ----------------------------------------------- mechanistic
SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL
|
group - population
ASK 
about underlying social problems

TREAT
 the immediate health problem
...

REFER
to local social support resources

ADVOCATE
for


Constantly rationalising; it's still the Northern summer holidays, people are away, not everyone's on twitter, the tweet's still warm, blimey - get a life ...!

I wonder how no one else can consider the very obvious 'fit' between key elements of the CLEAR initiative and Hodges' model, sufficient to consider the tweet of that post worthy of a like at least? Not a one. (There's another post perhaps..?)

Oh well... Plough on ...

The other week Mental Health Million on twitter featured a gif that caught my eye again today. This graphic provides a lesson that also incorporates CLEAR.

If we consider the ASK advice, then this supposes of course that the person, patient, client is engaged with the health professional. Engaged, to such an extent that in competency terms the professional's interpersonal skills come to the fore. It really is how we ask, and at that first encounter that is crucial.

individual
|
INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES
humanistic ----------------------------------------------- mechanistic
SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL
|
group - population
ASK 
about underlying social problems

TREAT
 the immediate health problem
...

REFER
to local social support resources

ADVOCATE
for

Although I may write about the importance of parity of esteem in mental and physical health this is often thought of in funding, research terms and the physical health of people with more chronic forms of mental illnesses who are prescribed and take long term psychotropic medication. It is not easy to envisage the extent of the challenges for patients, their families and the health and social care team. The CLEAR website notes the use of the initiative across many health contexts and hence conditions, including dementia.

The animation tweeted by Mental Health Million and their reference to the 'One in Four' statistic, highlights the complex nature of 'care pathways'.

Yes, the solutions are "out there" but the key is making them available.

No pun intended, but pathways are often taken for granted in the sense that they are CLEARed and straightforward to follow. CLEAR checks this assumption and takes a global approach. CLEAR and Hodges' model draw attention to the humanistic, the social side of medicine, health care. These are often not factored in from the outset, as a vital part of the outcome process (policy, purposes and practices).

As mental health care professionals realise that ability to 'ask' can be hard-won in terms of the patience that needs to be exercised.
The counterpoint to that is a twitter thread last week. A person with mental illness and in difficulty at that time, was suggesting that the professionals "Go Away" (not exactly the words used).

As this animation suggests, getting referred is one thing, being heard and seen is another. Getting to the point were dialogue is possible is a delicate negotiation. Mutual respect, being able to agree to disagree. Do we agree as to the type of the fruit on the tree; never mind what might be 'low-hanging'?  Whatever the perceived and actual differences we must try to reduce that distance, listen, share and make progress.

No one should have to sit, walk, Be alone if they do not want to. ...


individual
|
INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES
humanistic ----------------------------------------------- mechanistic
SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL
|
group - population




TREAT
the immediate health problem


REFER
to local social support resources



ADVOCATE
for

Monday, September 02, 2019

Threshold Concepts: TCS discussion list and CATCH

TCS discussion list JISC

This list is a forum for continuing discussion on threshold concepts and builds on the many fruitful and engaging conversations started by colleagues across the globe at the bi-annual threshold concepts conferences and other events.

CATCH

(Collaborating around Threshold Concepts in Health) Special Interest Group

- set up by Hilary Neve (Plymouth) and Linda Martindale (Dundee). CATCH have a website/e-mail list, blog, and focused meetings. https://healththresholds.wordpress.com/

Thanks to Julie Rattray & Sarah Meek.

See also:
Inaugural Scottish Threshold Concepts Conference: TCs in Action [i]
Inaugural Scottish Threshold Concepts Conference: TCs in Action [ii]
Inaugural Scottish Threshold Concepts Conference: TCs in Action [iii]
Threshold Concepts: Reflection on chaos, complexity and AI


Sunday, September 01, 2019

as CLEAR as Hodges' model?

individual
|
INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES
humanistic ----------------------------------------------- mechanistic
SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL
|
group - population
ASK 
about underlying social problems

TREAT
 the immediate health problem
...

REFER
to local social support resources

ADVOCATE
for


McGill University - CLEAR Collaboration


My source:
Davidson, K.W., McGinn, T. (2019) Screening for Social Determinants of Health: The Known and Unknown. JAMA.Published online August 29, 2019.