Hodges' model DoB = early 1980s. So it's obsolescent?

No Way!

The model is more relevant than ever...

individual

|

INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES

humanistic --------------------------------------- mechanistic

SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL

|

group

The 'discerning' customer

P PR PRI PRIN PRODUCE - PRODUCT chuck, drop, dump, bin. throw, fling, tip DISPOSABLE - DURABLE [left] 20% ink? How many ink cartridges do you need? How many blades...? ---------------------------- engineering

The discerning market?

"In passing the "Hamon Law," as it's known, in 2014, France became the first country in the world to open the door to sanctions for the widespread manufacturing practice of "planned obsolescence" - creating products pre-designed for failure at some point so that consumers will be enticed to replace them. Specifically, the legislation outlaws "the use of techniques whereby the person responsible for placing a product on the market deliberately aims to reduce its lifetime in order to increase the replacement rate." David Schrieberg

Forbes.com David Schrieberg - Landmark French Lawsuit Attacks Epson, HP, Canon And Brother For 'Planned Obsolescence'

Halte à l’Obsolescence Programmée (HOP)

My source: Sage, A. French have last word on printers, The Times, September 20, 2017, p.40-41.