There is this thing - 'universal construction'

The problem of bugs in software is an ongoing problem across all IT industries. For application that are safety critical we are still reminded of the risk implications and consequences if bugs are software is not tested and bugs - errors identified and corrected.

Back in the 90s during BA(Joint Hons. Philosophy & Computing) studies, I was introduced to the formal specification language 'Z'. It was designed for definition, and modelling of computer software, working from specification to implementation, as per these images:

https://personalpages.bradley.edu/~young/CS592M120_OLD/handoutZed.pdf

https://personalpages.bradley.edu/~young/CS592M120_OLD/handoutZed.pdf

To be clear I've never worked as part of a software project and my 'tinkering' - Drupal, Pharo, online groups, hosting platform - reveals how the development stack and work processes have developed apace. The challenge is keeping up. Simultaneously, there is the sense of being on the bank of deep water; or, a vertiginous cliff:

A little learning is a dang’rous thing;
Drink deep, or taste not the Pierian spring:
There shallow draughts intoxicate the brain,
And drinking largely sobers us again.
Fir’d at first sight with what the Muse imparts,
In fearless youth we tempt the heights of arts,
While from the bounded level of our mind,
Short views we take, nor see the lengths behind,
But more advanc’d, behold with strange surprise
New, distant scenes of endless science rise! 

Pope. https://interestingliterature.com/2021/09/a-little-learning-is-a-dangerous-thing-meaning-analysis-origin/

 Acknowledging the need for an 'evidence-base' and theoretical underpinning the effort to 'push' Hodges' model forward is ongoing. Maths remains an alien territory to me, but the 'secret garden' is as tantalizing as ever. Over the years I have posted - with much overlap about:

• maths
• relation
• logic

- and more recently:

• isomorphism
• category theory
• and as previously posted - laws of form.

In an effort to get to grips with the above, I'm following various online videos, books and papers. Bartosz Milewski's videos, blog and publications are aimed at programmers, but are very interesting nonetheless. The first video provides an introduction to the motivation and philosophy of category theory. In another, Milewski refers to 'universal construction' on YouTube and in a blog post about 'Function Types'.

The 'universal' figures in healthcare too: universal health access, and universal health coverage appear to over-shadow 'universal health care'. The quality of 'universal' also creeps into assessment. Data gathering is not merely complete, it is comprehensive. It has to be, to contribute not just to a care plan, for one that is (supposedly) person-centred, with risks identified, strengths, weaknesses - needs, history, social network, and much more. The care plan informs and orchestrates the interventions; then evaluation follows. Are we delivering? What is the patient's (client's, carer's) level of satisfaction. Have care stages and actions been completed as per policy (in time!)? (More on this to follow later this year in light of UK mental health/illness news.)

So as I consider (wrestle with...) initial, and terminal objects, sets and categories … I can hopefully, especially with help, extend the number of posts tagged 'universal' here on W2tQ. In this vein, is Hodges' model a universal construction? There may not be a universal truth to reveal, but it will prove a marvellous learning journey.

Laws of Form - Society, Conference, and Journal (to follow)

Finding out last minute at the end of last week, I attended the Laws of Form Conference at the Old Library, Liverpool University, 19 Abercromby Square L69 7ZN, UK. It was 17 minutes away by rail, so I made the short walk from Lime Street Station, as pre-existing commitments allowed.

The Society, devoted to the ideas and work of George Spencer-Brown is quite new 2023. I was greeted with a welcome that actively encourages the widest range of ideas as relates to LoF, the AGM also revealed future plans.

Laws of Form Books: Source lof50.com 

I've been on the LoF mail list for many years and every so often I've replied to themes that also touch thinking on Hodges' model. Now trying to look at Hodges' model more formally, learning of the conference I had to attend.

At the close today the vote of thanks expressed for the support of University of Liverpool and West DenHaag was shared here.

After the introduction, the first session by Andrew Crompton, of The Alternative Natural Philosophy Association, How to Make a Horse Vanish included insights into the scope of George Spencer-Brown's thought, combining philosophy, design, and architecture with great visuals. All the sessions were interesting, helpful and stimulating, including several that were technical detailing applications of Laws of Form:

".. Spencer-Brown has pointed out that he discovered an arithmetic that underlies Boolean algebra. This arithmetic is the Spencer-Brown Calculus of Indications generated by the mark <> (here written in typographical form) subject to the relations of calling, <><>=<>, and crossing, <<>> = , where, in crossing, the two marks are erased in the plane of writing. .." 
KEYNOTE Louis H Kauffman, Arithmetic in 'Laws of Form' - also Weds 7th Aug. 

Even though I could not understand the approach, listening to purposes, application and and the terminology is useful. 

I was online Thursday, and only followed the first two sessions. I have been exasperated with the various -isms, a response possibly shared with Jonathan Mize, Mind, Your Business: Reimagining business, art and science:

"The world is aching for a fresh approach to how we interact with one another. A popular prescription for our ailment is some type of new “ism,” some meticulously engineered set of dictums that propose to “fix society” once and for all. In this paper, I offer no “isms,” no grand new paradigms and no set of rules that humanity “must follow,” lest they slip into oblivion. What I offer is something very simple—a re-seeing of our approach to our everyday lives, a lifting of the vision from the “ills” and the “evils” of the world to the potential for our collective creation and experience. ..." Thurs 8th Aug.

Secondly, Diego Lucio Rapoport Campodonico, presented The Geometry and Topology of the Primal Distinction: Phenomenology and cosmo-sociomorphisms. If the public's understanding of science can be represented as a morphism, then it was extended here so I will explore.

There was a slide in the session of Florian Grote, Playing the Game of Counting to Two: On the question of requisite re-entries in communication including artificial intelligence (Friday 9th August), that I could immediately relate to Hodges' model:

"In the poem which provided the title for the book Only Two Can Play This Game, James Keys (1971) aka George Spencer-Brown provides the reader with a thorough reflection on the unlikely inevitability of a communicative – a social – world."

I can't cover all the examples of interest, but over the years systems, systems theory invariably crop up. Through the UKSS and Open University I have come across people with ties to the Schumacher Inst.. This thread continued 10th Aug, with Laws of Context with Philip Franses.

Hans Rudolf Straub's The Form and the Bit as Basic Building Blocks of Information: A comparison stood out as a source of reading conjoining LoF and informatics.

Marcus J. Carney's talk (also Sat 10th) Letting Go. The Form of Mourning reminded me of what does a single discipline mean when it uses the term 'applied'? Nursing a cold I didn't want to use the mic, but I think Marcus's work could support theory given the attention on trauma-informed care and therapy at present. There were obvious immediate connections in the abstract, borne out (well delivered!) in his presentation.

"Threnos in antiquity was understood as the activity of mourning. S. Freud dichotomised mourning with melancholia, entangling both in libido. A. and M. Mitscherlich took this up in the 1960s for the German people post Holocaust as their “inability to mourn”. J. Ruesen tried “Trauer” in this context again in the 1990s as “mourning humaneness”, bloating its abstraction. While M. Rothberg introduced the notion of “implicated subject” to the field/s of historical violence and injustices to modify R. Hilberg’s perpetrator-victim-bystander triad in 2019, the German “Historikerstreit 2.0” was raging, but not about Rothberg’s “implication”, yet about his 2009 concept of “multidirectional memory”, wherewith he demonstrated how the Holocaust had enabled the articulation of other histories of victimisation at the same time that it had been declared "unique" among human-perpetrated horrors, while uncovering the more surprising fact that public memory of the Holocaust emerged in part thanks to postwar events that seemingly had little to do with it."

As noted in a previous post, there's also the approach of Parallel Histories. You wonder from where dialogue can follow: Israel and Palestine ... but it must. On Wednesday the recent rioting impinged on proceedings with directions to close earlier and dining plans impacted. 

After too many years I must explore George Spencer-Brown's Laws of Form and try to apply it to Hodges' model as an additional and alternative theoretical resource.

The GSB Society have a forthcoming journal which I will post about here as details follow.

The next conference is in 2026 and will be based in Cambridge - a great prospective source of ideas.

"How did you get that answer? Show your working out!"

As students of - math, maths, mathematics (pick one!) or arithmetic, algebra - know only too well: Learning, no doubt, through a series of prompts, especially if numerically challenged:

The way you derived your answer is an important - the most important part of the exercise. It is the exercise in most cases.

As may be apparent here on W2tQ, in addition to visual methods, mind-mapping, diagrams and computers, the professional basis for the study and the draw of Hodges' model was models of care and nursing theory. I've blogged previously about if we stress the theoretical, this variously invites yawns, and critique (always welcome), if not ridicule from outside.

In practice we seem struggle to do the ideal. This is one aspect of the theory-practice gap; bridging this gap was one reason for the creation of Hodges' model. What the student health professional learns in the  class/lecture theatre/online, may not be reflected and realised 100% in practice. 

On clinical placements the real-world intervenes, upsetting the academic comforts. Suddenly the armchair hypotheses do not sit so comfortably. Reality bites. Are there enough staff, is the skill-mix 'ideal'. Patients present their own variables. Which are also often at least binary (and invariably more), to include carers, family, with prior experiences. There are specific life experiences and situations of the patient; and yes, in plural.

Competence with paperwork, the electronic health record (EHR) is key to a student's progress:

From communication skills, establishing a therapeutic relationship (yes, so 'old school'?), enabling and concurrent with care assessment, care planning, intervention and evaluation. Plus, the 'writing' of the same including all the processes, messages received, clinical team meetings, allocations, supervision. All the while being mindful of ethics, professionalism and accountability.

Regarding theory: I do wonder; are we missing something? Something that artificial intelligence may (will) pick-up eventually (quite quickly in-fact!). With the legacy of largely abandoned nursing theories, models of care, health frameworks … do we need to look at theory in a more literal (yes, idealised) form? To have any chance of success do we need to leave behind what we have thus far? In addition to science, nursing, medicine are often described as an art. Even if this theoretical treatment is impressionistic surely it is worth trying - to be creative, innovative, to hypothesise and speculate on the edge?

Can we use Hodges' model, or another 'tool' you might care to propose even more suited to the purpose? 

Throwing caution to the wind: this is a theoretical exercise. It may be based upon sand? Then so be it! If there is a practical, pragmatic and practice-based application that would be marvellous. Why does this matter? The rationale here is driven by the fact that health has its feet, or draws every-other-breath in the humanities. Yes, evidence is grounded in science, anatomy, physiology, life sciences and the rest. The humanistic care - knowledge domains need, demand their own unique theoretical space. A sandpit to play with a theoretical language. And make no mistake, the sand is already hurting these eyes.

There are malign agents who would deny any practical benefits of such an effort, and yet this should be in prospect. This should be an outcome to follow in the near future (although delayed by COVID). In fact it is a necessity, a requirement even, given attention and prioritisation of the SDGs, and the determinants of health,. Add to this the politics of health, and health in politics and the world🌍🌎🌏🌐today; full implementation, achievement and ongoing development will costs billions (trillions of dollars) and once-and-for-all a long-term perspective. 

There is a now, a holistic need to show your working out. How you have arrived at your answer. 

"No argument, we should teach critical thinking" by Julian Richer

Spring and summer reading includes Our Housing Disaster. Julian Richer's weekly column in the Sunday Times is very interesting; business yes, but socially oriented and positive in the values conveyed.

I'm 100 pages into The Systems View of Life, posts to follow, but before getting to OHD, I noticed another of Richer's columns:

#36 "No argument, we should teach critical thinking"

Sunday 14th July 2024

"... all the successful bosses I’ve ever worked with encourage an open flow of communications in all directions (internally — up, down, across — and with the outside world, too) with no taboos. They try to surround themselves with good people who can see the world independently, draw their own conclusions and have the confidence to express their ideas."

"It’s very difficult to craft a culture of critical thinking and open debate in a business unless it’s been taught at school, as our parents tend to be more stuck in their ways. Unfortunately, schools spend so much time on teaching and testing reading, and particularly writing, that they don’t have enough time to teach thinking and speaking. These require practice, too. And they are also very important life and business skills."

 

The discussion on Parallel Histories reminds me of philosophical talk, virtue-seeking is not enough. It needs to applied practically, if it is to make a difference.

 

"An added benefit is that kids who have learnt calm and reasoned debate will use this knowledge to help them in their adult life. Certainly, those going on to join the business world will be very pleased to have received these negotiating and people skills, both essential."

Hodges' model provides a structure for reflection, reflective practice, and critical thinking and inevitably light-weight can be carried as lifelong learning resource and tool.

'Science' - Air Pollution

Science

• Volume 385|
• Issue 6707|
• 26 Jul 2024

COVER
"Smoke from wildfires burning in Canada enveloped New York City, New York, in June of 2023, shown here in a photo of the Chrysler Building on 7 June. Wildfire smoke events in the past decade have halted or reversed positive air quality trends in the United States. This special issue considers recent developments in monitoring, health effects, and policy dealing with air pollution. See the section beginning on page 378."

individual

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Lyons, S., Nolan, A., Carthy, P. et al. Long-term exposure to PM2.5 air pollution and mental health: a retrospective cohort study in Ireland. Environ Health 23, 54 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-024-01093-z Ferreira, et al. (2024). Impact of Air Quality on Mental Health of Higher Education Students. In: Galvão, et al. (eds) Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Water Energy Food and Sustainability (ICoWEFS 2023). ICoWEFS 2023. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48532-9_37 Shaw, S., Kundu, S., Chattopadhyay, A. et al. Indoor air pollution and cognitive function among older adults in India: a multiple mediation approach through depression and sleep disorders. BMC Geriatr 24, 81 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-024-04662-6

Shine, S., Tamirie, M., Kumie, A. et al. Pregnant women’s perception on the health effects of household air pollution in Rural Butajira, Ethiopia: a phenomenological qualitative study. BMC Public Health 23, 1636 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-16578-8 Phillip, E., Conroy, R.M., Walsh, A. et al. Using mixed methods and community participation to explore household and ambient air pollution practices in a rural community in Malawi. J Public Health (Berl.) (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-023-02008-x

Nakaishi, T., Yoo, S., Kagawa, S. et al. Impact of air pollution on human morality: A multinational perspective. Humanit Soc Sci Commun 11, 991 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-024-03186-z Wang, K. Is air pollution politics or economics? Evidence from industrial heterogeneity. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 24454–24469 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-23955-0 Wang, X., Tan, H. & Liu, J. The impact of air pollution on commercial health insurance demand amidst China's green transition. Econ Change Restruct 57, 39 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10644-024-09623-y

Price, H.D., Bowyer, C.J., Büker, P. et al. From reflection diaries to practical guidance for transdisciplinary research: learnings from a Kenyan air pollution project. Sustain Sci 18, 1429–1444 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-023-01317-0

My source:  https://x.com/DrMariaNeira

https://x.com/DrMariaNeira/status/1819399316735144414

Previously 'pollution'

The 'future' ... it's up to you* (i)

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Chief Future Self-Care Officer
	Chief Future Officer - CFO

*Well not entirely! ii to follow.

My source: TV - https://www.bloomberg.com/btv/series/chief-future-officer

Hodges' model? Simple: it's a rich, complicated, complex picture

In wider reading (relations, maths... and) drafting a post concerned with 'universal construction' I came across:

Rasanathan, K., Montesinos, E. V., Matheson, D., Etienne, C., & Evans, T. (2011). Primary health care and the social determinants of health: essential and complementary approaches for reducing inequities in health. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health (1979-), 65(8), 656–660. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23050931

Figure 2 stood out for rather obvious reasons:

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Figure 2 'works' and not merely because it is clearly 'all political', but I would have swapped 'leadership reforms' with 'service delivery forms'. Trying to emphasize leadership at the individual level empowered to actually effect change. This could quickly change as per the situation. I also appreciate the jigsaw graphic.

You soon appreciate the complex nature of health care:

Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, Quaternary care and prevention. Add social care, welfare, all the fields of medicine, surgery, nursing, education, policy, information, literacies, human rights, consent, mental capacity, mental health law, forensic psychiatry, self-care, local, national and global health, urban, rural, remote, virtual environments, ethics, developed and developing nations, ecosystems and funding.

And this just scratches the surface ...

WHO online survey on maternal well-being framework - ENG, FR and SPA translations available

 ------- ENGLISH ------

Dear colleague,

You are invited to participate in the development of the World Health Organization (WHO) maternal well-being framework through an online survey. 

This consultation is one step in a broader process led by the WHO Department of Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health and Ageing (MCA) towards creating a comprehensive framework that supports maternal well-being across diverse environments and cultures. Based on the results of a scoping review of the literature and an expert consultation held in May 2023, a preliminary framework has been developed including a definition, domains and subdomains. WHO/MCA is now organizing multiple consultations which objectives are listed below. 

What is the purpose of the survey?

• Ensure comprehensive coverage of all critical elements of the framework and identify potential gaps in the definition, domains and framework of maternal well-being.
• Evaluate the framework’s applicability across various settings and cultures.
• Foster collective agreement and consensus among key stakeholders.

Who can take part to this survey?

Any individual or organization who has interest in maternal health and well-being. This includes, but is not limited to:

• Representatives of women's groups
• Health workers (midwives, OBGYN, nurses, neonatal nurses, paediatricians, psychiatrists, psychologists, community health workers...)
• Experts in human and sexual and reproductive rights, public health, health promotion, gender, mental health, economics, humanitarian, etc.
• Academics and researchers 
• Government organizations
• National civil society organizations / NGOs
• International agencies / UN agencies
• Private sector

How to participate in this survey?

Please click on the following link: Survey Link

We expect this survey will not take longer than 15 minutes to complete. It is available in English. 

The survey will be open until 17 August 2024. 

We would be grateful for your response to this survey and your kind help in circulating to your colleagues and networks.

Please reach out to Justine Le Lez - lejus AT who.int with any further questions. 

Best regards,

On the behalf of the Department of Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health and Ageing (WHO/MCA)

------- FRENCH / FRANCAIS ------

 

Bonjour,

Vous êtes invité·e à participer à l'élaboration du cadre conceptuel du bien-être maternel de l'Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS). 

Cette enquête est une étape d'un processus plus large dirigé par le Département de la santé maternelle, néonatale, infantile et de l'adolescent et du vieillissement (MCA) de l'OMS, visant à créer un cadre conceptuel exhaustif soutenant le bien-être maternel dans divers environnements et cultures.

Sur la base des résultats d’une revue de la littérature et d’une consultation d’experts tenue en mai 2023, un cadre conceptuel préliminaire a été élaboré, comprenant une définition, des domaines et sous-domaines. L’OMS/MCA organise actuellement plusieurs consultations, dont les objectifs sont énumérés ci-dessous.

Quel est l’objectif de l’enquête ? 

• Assurer une couverture exhaustive et identifier d'éventuelles lacunes dans le cadre actuellement proposé.
• Évaluer l'applicabilité universelle et l'adaptation du cadre conceptuel à divers contextes et cultures.
• Favoriser un consensus collectif afin que le cadre conceptuel reflète reflètent une large gamme de perspectives et d'idées

Qui peut participer à cette enquête ? 

Toute personne ou organisation intéressée par la santé maternelle et le bien-être. Cela inclut, sans s’y limiter :

• Des représentants de groupes de femmes

• Des professionnels de santé (sages-femmes, gynécologues-obstétriciens, infirmières, infirmières puéricultrices, pédiatres, psychiatres, psychologues, agents de santé communautaires…)

• Des experts en droits humains, droits sexuels et reproductifs, santé publique, promotion de la santé, genre, santé mentale, économie, santé humanitaire, etc.
• Des universitaires et chercheurs
• Des organismes gouvernementaux
• Des organisations nationales de la société civile / des ONG
• Des agences internationales / agences des Nations unies
• Le secteur privé

Comment participer à cette enquête ? 

Veuillez cliquer sur le lien suivant : Lien vers l’enquête

Nous estimons que cette enquête ne prendra pas plus de 15 minutes à compléter.  

L’enquête sera ouverte jusqu’au 25 août 2024.

Nous vous serions reconnaissants de bien vouloir y répondre et de la diffuser auprès de vos collègues et réseaux.

Pour toute question, n'hésitez pas à contacter Justine Le Lez.

 

Cordialement,

Au nom du Département de la santé maternelle, néonatale, infantile et des adolescents et du vieillissement (OMS/MCA)

 

------- SPANISH / ESPANOL -----

Está invitado a participar en la elaboración del marco conceptual del bienestar materno de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). 

Se le invita a participar en el desarrollo del marco de bienestar materno de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). Esta encuesta es un paso en un proceso más amplio liderado por el Departamento de Salud Materna, del Recién Nacido, del Niño, del Adolescente y del Envejecimiento (MCA) de la OMS hacia la creación de un marco integral que apoye el bienestar materno en diversos entornos y culturas.

Con base en los resultados de una revisión de la literatura y una consulta de expertos realizada en 2023, se ha desarrollado un marco preliminar que incluye una definición, dominios y subdominios del bienestar materno.  La OMS/MCA está organizando actualmente varias consultas, cuyos objetivos se enumeran a continuación. 

 

¿Cuál es el objetivo de la encuesta? 

· Garantizar una cobertura exhaustiva e identificar posibles brechas en el marco propuesto actualmente. 

· Evaluar la aplicabilidad universal y la adaptación del marco conceptual a diversos contextos y culturas. 

· Fomentar un acuerdo colectivo para que el marco conceptual refleje una amplia gama de perspectivas e conocimientos. 

¿Quién puede participar en esta encuesta? 

 

Cualquier persona u organización interesada en la salud materna y el bienestar. Esto incluye, sin limitarse a: 

·  Representantes de grupos de mujeres

· Profesionales de la salud: matronas (parteras profesionales/obstetras/obstetricias/comadronas), ginecólogos-obstetras, enfermeras, enfermeras pediátricas, pediatras, psiquiatras, psicólogos, agentes de salud comunitarios…

· Expertos en derechos humanos, derechos sexuales y reproductivos, salud pública, promoción de la salud, género, salud mental, economía, salud humanitaria, etc.

· Académicos e investigadores

· Organismos gubernamentales

· Organizaciones nacionales de la sociedad civil / ONGs

· Agencias internacionales / agencias de las Naciones Unidas

·  El sector privado

¿Cómo participar en esta encuesta?

 Por favor, haga clic en el siguiente enlace: enlace a la encuesta

Estimamos que esta encuesta no tomará más de 15 minutos para completar. 

La encuesta estará abierta hasta el 25 de agosto de 2024.

Le agradeceríamos que respondiera y difundiera la encuesta entre sus colegas y redes.

Para cualquier pregunta, no dude en ponerse en contacto con Justine Le Lez.

 

Atentamente, 

En nombre del Departamento de Salud Materna, Neonatal, Infantil y del Adolescente y del Envejecimiento (OMS/MCA)

World Drowning Prevention Day 25th July 2024

Every year, an estimated 236,000 people drown, making drowning a major public health problem worldwide. Drowning is one of the leading causes of death globally for children and young people aged 1-24 years. Drowning is the 3rd leading cause of unintentional injury death, accounting for 7% of all injury-related deaths.

The global burden of death from drowning is felt in all economies and regions, however:

• low- and middle-income countries account for over 90% of unintentional drowning deaths; 
• over half of the world's drowning occurs in the WHO Western Pacific Region and WHO South-East Asia Region; 
• drowning death rates are highest in the WHO Western Pacific Region, and are 27-32 times higher than those seen in the United Kingdom or Germany, respectively.

World Drowning Prevention Day

World Drowning Prevention Day, declared in April 2021 by General Assembly resolution A/RES/75/273 <https://undocs.org/en/A/RES/75/273>, is held annually on 25 July. This global advocacy event serves as an opportunity to highlight the tragic and profound impact of drowning on families and communities and to offer life-saving solutions to prevent it.

Find more information in the following link: 

https://www.un.org/en/observances/drowning-prevention-day 

In your country, are there any initiatives to prevent drowning?

Here are some of the measures shared at the United Nations web site.

• installing barriers controlling access to water;
• providing safe places away from water such as crèches for pre-school children with capable childcare;
• teaching swimming, water safety and safe rescue skills;
• training bystanders in safe rescue and resuscitation;
• setting and enforcing safe boating, shipping and ferry regulations;
• improving flood risk management.

My source (with video added above and Hodges' model below):

Jackeline. HIFA-Spanish Moderator

HIFA profile: Jackeline Alger, MD, PhD, is a parasitologist associated to the Department of Clinical Laboratory of the University Hospital; Executive Director of the Antonio Vidal Institute for Infectious Diseases and Parasitology; Tegucigalpa, Honduras. HIFA Country Representative of the Year for the years 2015 and 2018. Email jackelinealger AT gmail.com

The bullet points above mapped to Hodges' model, with additions (italics).

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teaching swimming, water safety and safe rescue skills training bystanders in safe rescue and resuscitation awareness of risk situations confidence to learn to swim	installing barriers controlling access to water providing safe places away from water such as crèches for pre-school children with capable childcare improving flood risk management
teaching swimming, water safety and safe rescue skills training bystanders in safe rescue and resuscitation family and community impacts SOCIO-	funding - prioritisation setting and enforcing safe boating, shipping and ferry regulations improving flood risk management facilities for safe & effective teaching -ECONOMIC   LMICs

Previously 2022

Frayn - on maths

"Pure arithmetic is not about particular things but about particular relations between things. Algebra preserves an even loftier detachment from the world. It is not about relations between things - it about relations between relations. Numbers are variables that can be quantified in the physical world. Algebraic terms are variables that can be quantified in the world of numbers." pp.154-155.

Frayn, Michael (2006). The human touch: our part in the creation of a universe. 'Fingerhold', Chapter 5. London: Faber & Faber. pp.139-170.

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human	TOUCH
... human human  human  human human ...	Don't you dare! Yes, please do!