Resistence is futile: give in to the obvious need for the 'nhm'

INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES
humanistic ------------------------------------------- mechanistic
SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL

individual

nhm	ohm + nhm
nhm	nhm (+ ohm!)

group - population

ohm: The ohm (symbol: Ω) is the SI derived unit of electrical resistance, named after German physicist Georg Simon Ohm. (Wikipedia)


nhm: The nhm (symbol: +).

However, the principles do not extend to problems posed by cognitive impairment as a result of the illness and the ever present danger of wandering, seeking old and familiar surroundings, or acting on memories from years gone by. Some patients become aggressive at times; the service must have mechanisms for managing patients effectively in ways that recognise their inherent worth and humanity. The stigma and abbreviated autonomy that is implied in managing people with dementia requires a new holistic method of managing their care that relates the care to the patients'/service users' values. p.80. [my emphasis]

Heginbotham, C. (2012) Values-Based Commissioning of Health and Social Care, Cambridge, CUP. (Review to follow).

CARDI conference Dublin 2011: Hodges' model - a poster element

Here is one element of the poster from last week's conference. This part is A3 in size and the linked preview below is to an archived copy on the Internet Archive. I will post the glocal version on W2tQ  in due course. As ever I wish I had more time to devote to producing such work. The symbol common to memory and giant global graph is intended to highlight a person's memory and the distributed 'memory' that is the Web. Such a representation can never capture all the subtleties involved, the overlaps, the contexts and perspectives.

The placement of some concepts is an invitation for reflection. For example, dementia and the use of anti-psychotic drugs also demands consideration of policy, liaison, primary-secondary-residential care interfaces, shared cared protocols, formal reviews, target behaviours, definitions of challenging behaviour, observation skills, clinical records, therapeutic interventions and the care environment ...  Some of the content, such as under Interpersonal Define 'safety', 'health'... seek to stress the same.

Acknowledgement:
Many thanks to the CARDI Committee for the opportunity to present, my employer Lancashire Care NHS Foundation Trust for study leave, and Prof. George Kernohan (Ulster.ac.uk) for assistance in supporting my attendance and in the production and printing of the poster. We plan to produce a paper based on the same.

The symbol '+'

Apart from a multitude of symbolic meanings the figure below also provides the structural foundation for Hodges' model and as symbols.com notes:

The cross with arms of equal length is an extremely old ideogram used in most cultures. It is also one of the basic gestalts in Western ideography (as opposed to the basic elements, which are derived entities). The cross is found in every part of the world, in prehistoric caves and engraved on rocks.

In my interview with Brian Hodges' over 10 years ago in May 1997, Brian provided an account for how he arrived at this structure (summarised below). As mentioned elsewhere on this blog, the website, symbols.com and other sources - the cross, or 2x2 matrix is a common device to explain and structure. The four elements, the four humours (or humors) yellow bile, black bile, phlegm and blood, the seasons; there are so many things that can be characterised in this way.

With '+' as a starting point for me to reflect on Hodges' model I see each line as an individual. This agent or subject could include patient (person) and health care worker; lecturer and student and many other examples.

The act of cros-sing, the intersection of the axes represents two human beings being in a situation.

Space and time brings people together:

and also forces us apart - physically and temporally.

Adding an arrow to one end of these axes creates the dynamic of communication.

The angular distance in the alignment of those arrows offers hope -

• in our common humanity we are never in 180 degree opposition;

and yet acknowledges:

• the isolation of the individual -
  
• and the challenge.

The work that must done. Hence the primacy of communication skills and values; in order to bridge individual being, ti:me and space.

Perspective is helpful here as an extension:

While we may get close to another person, through relationships that entwine the lines - be they spun by professional obligations, friendship, family ties, or intimate sexual relationships - the two lines are always distinct: part of an elaborated knot.

Is it just the special ties that must forever seek to be one+

---

The best way to explain h2cm is to review the questions Brian Hodges originally posed.

To begin, who are the recipients of care? Well, first and foremost individuals of all ages, races and creed, but also groups of people, families, communities and populations. Then Hodges asked: what types of activities - tasks, duties, and treatments - do nurses carry out? They must always act professionally, but frequently according to strict rules and policies, their actions often dictated by specific treatments including drugs, investigations, and minor surgery. Nurses do many things by routine according to precise procedures, rather like the stereotypical matron with machine-like efficiency? If these actions are classed as mechanistic, they contrast with times when healthcare workers give of themselves to reassure, comfort, develop rapport and engage therapeutically.

This is opposite to mechanistic tasks and is described as humanistic; what the public usually think of as the caring nurse. In use this framework prompts the user to consider four major subject headings or care domains of knowledge. Namely, what knowledge is needed to care for individuals - groups and undertake humanistic - mechanistic activities? Through these questions Hodges’ derived the model axial structure.

Honouring 'Wheatfield: a Confrontation' by Agnes Denes

"In the summer of 1982, two acres of wheat were planted and harvested by artist Agnes Denes, two blocks from Wall Street and the World Trade Center and facing the Statue of Liberty.

Planting and harvesting a field of wheat on land worth $4.5 billion created a powerful paradox. Wheatfield was a symbol, a universal concept; it represented food, energy, commerce, world trade, and economics. It referred to mismanagement, waste, world hunger and ecological concerns. It called attention to our misplaced priorities.

The harvested grain traveled to twenty-eight cities around the world in an exhibition called “The International Art Show for the End of World Hunger”, organized by the Minnesota Museum of Art (1987-90). The seeds were carried away by people who planted them in many parts of the globe." twistedsifter

Individual

|

         INTERPERSONAL    :     SCIENCES                   

HUMANISTIC  --------------------------------------  MECHANISTIC      

 SOCIOLOGY  :    POLITICAL 

|

Group

	'Wheatfield: a Confrontation' (1982) by Agnes Denes

http://agnesdenesstudio.com/

'Honouring Wheatfield: a Confrontation' - ArtBasel from June 10:

https://www.artbasel.com/stories/ecology-pioneer-american-artist-agnes-denes-basel-messeplatz-wheat-field-climate-change-awareness

Images: 

In 1982, An Artist Harvested Two Acres of Wheat on Land Worth $4.5 Billion by TwistedSifter

https://twistedsifter.com/2018/03/new-york-city-wheat-field-by-agnes-denes/

Roux, C. Reaping what you sow, Collecting, FTWeekend, 8-9 June 2024, p.4.

https://www.ft.com/content/346ad7e8-9ddf-4802-9658-053d1c5758a8

Seeds in 'architecture' iii

Prof. Younés describes 'three essential dualities': 

• IMAGE and WORD 
• TYPE and MODEL
• IMITATION and INVENTION

IMAGE and WORD 

Nursing has its historical images, that are continually presented, the lamp, hands imbued with care and support and others. The attraction to Hodges' model was through its similarity to mind-mapping, but with offering an foundational structure for reflection and critique (learning). So image has been there from the start.

Younés writes: "Within the dialectic of the visible (objects apprehended by the senses) and the invisible (ideas or forms apprehended by the mind), the image acts as a symbol when it supports the visibility of an idea." ... "Forms can be seen as structural potentials ..." p.238.

Younés classifies images (p.241), or the artistically factual through three divisions:

1. visual images (that would include icons and interface features)
   
2. mental images
3. verbal images (including metaphors and descriptions).
   

 "... the mind constructs a world within a world, and then reflects upon its own activity, as well as its own aesthetic appreciation of such activity."

I must stress the Younés context is architecture (and philosophy), but here extending to meaning I'm reminded of the way Hodges' model can span the arts and sciences, and original influences on why this model stood out for me through its facility for mind-mapping.

TYPE and MODEL 

 Here (p.242) Younés returns, not just to the origin, but the concept of origin through Form, the word and the type. Searching for universally shared purposes, within the permanences of human experience  this is health and social care too.

Taking in data, information, knowledge from assessment and other activities, this is usually contextualised - associated with a care domain. A return to the origin (nexus) of Hodges' model, the center is vital to retain balance and provide assurance in what we are doing, or not, and why.

"The architect imitates things as they have essential significance, but he or she does not copy any particular thing. This enables the layered transformation of natural models, without which the column would have always remained a tree. The form of the imitation is always different from that of the model. The roof is different from the forest's canopy. It is here that the pleasure of invention and the evaluation of the new enter, for it is within the recognized distance between the forest's canopy and the roof, that much of art occurs." p.244.

How times change in two decades. So many seek a roof, with architects having a recognized role in providing solutions post-natural disaster and political displacement of people. Not just homelessness, but homes that can cope, adjust to climate change. COVID has reminded us of the rejuvenating properties of nature, of the forest canopy, even that afforded by city centre gardens. 

We now see a roof not merely in physical terms, but social. As the night skies brighten we try to secure the canopy of the stars.

IMITATION and INVENTION 

Have we forgotten the contribution of positive role-models in learning? Imitation is the sincerest form of flattery and this throws up the constant educational dilemma of the theory - practice gap. Should we be exposed to practice without the guiding mentor represented in theory - that is also evidence-based?

There is an interesting exploration of SCOPE, DISCOURSE and NATURE: On Scope

"Thus a theory that is systemic aims at a certain level of completeness for it establishes the internal organization of architecture as a discipline, and it explains its external relations to other arts, to techniques, to social factors. Put differently, the interior individual realm concerns the intellectual freedom, the inner reflection of the architect-maker. The exterior individual pertains to the thoughts resulting from one architect reflecting upon another architect's work, as well as the individual architect's reflections on the suitability of her or his building to a context. The interior collective bears upon the conscious or unconscious content of culture which thrive within the images of of operative myths that inform architectural production. The exterior collective designates that commonly built sense regarding the suitability of architecture (decorum) within its milieu par excellence: the city. The above concerns the scope of an architectural theoretical system, on the urban, architectural, aesthetic, social, and practical levels." p.245-246.

INDIVIDUAL

|

 INTERPERSONAL    :     SCIENCES               

HUMANISTIC --------------------------------------  MECHANISTIC      

SOCIOLOGY  :   POLITICAL 

|

GROUP

interior individual	exterior individual
interior collective	exterior collective

 

I started these three posts noting the addition of 'architecture' to titles, concepts, and 'stretching' disciplines. Also guilty here; in mitigation, I'm aware of how in the mid-late 1970s technical drawing as taught was to change radically in the digital wave.

Hodges' model provides a drawing board, with analogue and digital potential.

I will continue to draw upon the (inspirational) discipline of architecture, it informs and sustains thought, construction, meanings, language use, and effort here.

There is much more to glean from this paper, so I hope to revisit it in the future - with further annotations on my copy.

Over the years I have noted related items in the press (yes, I saved the following):

Designs for life: architecture in the disaster zone, FT Weekend.

and read - A Bed for the Night: Humanitarianism in Crisis

By David Rieff

See also: 

Seeds in 'architecture' i 

Seeds in 'architecture' ii

Younés, Samir. “Constructing Architectural Theory.” Philosophy 78, no. 304 (2003): 233–53. http://www.jstor.org/stable/3752046.

||||| Still |||| Too |||||| Many |||| Walls |||||||||||

c/o and Photographs © John Davies
http://www.johndavies.uk.com/

"Working in West Berlin in 1984, the British photographer John Davies became fascinated by the Wall as a symbol of the cruelty of the cold war. When he returned this year to shoot the same locations, he found a city healed and changed beyond recognition." p. 25.

INDIVIDUAL

|

INTER-PERSONAL : SCIENCES

HUMANISTIC -------------------------------------------------- MECHANISTIC

SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL

|

GROUP

Niederkirchnerstrasse & Wilhelmstrasse, 2019 © John Davies	Niederkirchnerstrasse & Wilhelmstrasse, 1984 © John Davies

"There was a horror about 

the Wall. It was shocking for 

me at the time - an affront." p.27.

See also:

John Davies
http://www.johndavies.uk.com/

Callahan, William A.(2018) The politics of walls: barriers, flows, and the sublime. Review of International Studies. pp. 1-26. ISSN 0260-2105 DOI:10.1017/S0260210517000638

My source:
Guy Chazan, The Freedom of Berlin, FT Magazine, November 2-3, 2019, pp.24-29.

With thanks to John Davies, Guy Chazan and FT.

disABLED: What's behind a symbol?

individual

INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES

humanistic ------------------------------------------- mechanistic

SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL

group

	NY State

Well done NY excellent MOVE!

(and hope to visit next year)

My source: James Moore, Clash of Symbols, The Independent 20 June 2014, p.35.
 
Image source from upper right:
http://in-abled.com/blog/2014/04/would-martin-luther-king-jr-care-about-disabilities/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disability

vii Book: Bill Ross - 'Order and the Virtual'

'The Philosophy and Science of Deleuzian Cosmology'

On the publisher's site, the content listing is limited to the chapter (section) titles (as shared in iii). 

There is also one review:

'In classical physics and its mechanical paradigm, events are stories about fundamental objects. In quantum physics, it is the objects that are the stories by which we understand physical systems in their most fundamental form--as histories of events. In Order and the Virtual, Bill Ross makes a compelling case that the event-ontological philosophies of Deleuze and Whitehead will become for the new physics what the philosophies of Newton and Locke were for the old.'

– Michael Epperson, Research Professor and Director, California State University, Sacramento
[ https://edinburghuniversitypress.com/book-order-and-the-virtual.html ] 

It is worth listing the content details in full:

Series Editor's Preface vii
Preface by Robin Durie and David Webb ix
Abbreviations xii

Chaos I
Chaos and Complexity Theory I
Nietzschean Chaos and the Superior Principle of Sufficient Reason 5
The Eternal Return and the Disparity of Forces 8
Ergodicity and Infinite Duration 10
Post-Classical Physics and the Question of Entropy 15

2. Entropy and the Complete Concept in Leibniz and Deleuze 24
Dissymmetry, Energy Gradients and the Ultimate Origination of Things 29
On the Ultimate Origination of Things 30
From Many Worlds to Chaosmos 34
The Calculating God 36
Mathematical Thought, the Problem and the Cosmos 38
The Compete Concept and Disjunctive Synthesis in Sufficient Reason 44
Physical Systems, Disparity and Disjunctive Synthesis 50
Chaosmos as Cosmology 56
Absolute Zero, Limits and the Infinite 60
Simple Order 68

3. Order 71
Mechanism and Vitalism, Order and Complexity 73
The Game Analogy #I: Leibniz and Kant 81
The Game Analogy #2: Claude Shannon and Michel Serres 83
Game #2.1: Claudo Shannon's 'A Mathematical Theory of Communication' 86
Game #2.2: Michel Serres The Birth of Physics 94
Game #3.0: Deleuze's Ideal Game 98

4. Order as Complexity 109
Complexity as Principle 122
Limits without Negation 127

5. Sufficient Reason as Dissymmetry and the Evolutionary Paradigm 131
Limits and Non-Locality 135
A Network Paradigm: Loop Quantum Gravity 150
A Holographic Paradigm: David Bohm's Implicate Order I54
Evolutionary Expansiveness 161

Conclusion 175
Notes 182
Bibliography 207
Index 217

I can see why my reading of OatV is not at the usual 21st century pace. 'Section 2. Entropy and the Complete Concept in Leibniz and Deleuze', pp.24-68, as already noted, is a real melange of ideas from several sources. As noted already, you have to unpick Deleuze, Simondon and Ross's guiding thought. your reading and purpose also matters however; an amazing gift of texts like this.

'CHAOSMOS AS COSMOLOGY

If energy gradients are the sufficient reason of all that appears for ther- modynamics, symmetry is to most intents and purposes the sufficient reason from which modern physics draws its rationale. Mathematical relations of symmetry have come to take the place of 'law` in classical physics: where there is symmetry, science identifies an underlying order, As we shall see, however the point of contention between Deleuze and the prevailing scientific consensus is by no means so black and white. and far from universally upheld among the scientific community. Once again, it is in the particularities of this tension that productive exchange may be found.' p.56.

Leibniz's 'individual' (and monads) differs from that in Hodges' model, but there is the question of time and scale (at both ends of the vertical axis in Hodges' model):

'Each individual is in contact with, expresses, all individuals in the world, but obscurely, again, as with Leibniz, through infinitely ramifying lines of divergence.' p.54.

'Each individual, then, remains necessarily the sum of all its predicates, but in the same sense as a singularity contains its own power of expressing innumerable contradictions; here is Deleuze's 'object = x', the concept which overcomes the idea of world understood merely as a circle of convergence.' p.55.

We often speak in terms of 'take-aways'. Ross provides a packed (yet nutritious!)  lunch and really useful snippets:

'Disjunction becomes a relation' (p.49).

Identity runs through section 2. Difficulties of orientation are noted. I wondered about a symbol for singularity, but I cannot find one(?). Ross, himself, describes as dense, Leibniz's essay on 'Origination'.

Is the nursing process, predicated up Aristotlean 'hylomorphism' (p.50)? To capture the (cognitive) orientation of an individual, do we locate the basis for the immanence of nursing, in problems that are potential, or actual?

Amongst, particle physics, absolute zero, a two-dimensional plane, and 'symmetry'; I found 'ill health'. At least, I did in a spontaneous pencilled note. And, nearby: 'Symmetry is Law'; (p.59)'.

There is grist-for-the-mill in producing new formulations for Hodges' model. Do 'non-commutative relationships, and vectorial transformations abound? (p.60)

Health and ill-health break symmetry (which Deleuze resists), and do so within and across all the domains of Hodges' model.

Ross quotes in Section 3 'Order', page 73 in Bergson's Creative Evolution (236): '[The mechanistic order] may be defined as geometry which is its extreme limit; more generally, it is that kind of order that is concerned, whenever a relation of necessary determination is found between causes and effects'. I could go on ... but scribbled 'cogeography/cogeographical'.

Many thanks to Edinburgh University Press for my review copy.

More to follow here ...

Bill Ross (2024) Order and the Virtual: The Philosophy and Science of Deleuzian Cosmology. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
https://edinburghuniversitypress.com/book-order-and-the-virtual.html

Book review iii. General Psychotherapy: Principles and Common Theoretical Aspects - Rediscovering Humanity

   General Psychotherapy

In chapter 3 neurophysiological development is explored and epigenetic influences (3.2). For a decade or so I've highlighted to students the need for them to be aware of 'omics' which will clearly impact their future careers and subsequent learning. This is detailed also outlining limbic development, through to cognitive-linguistic functioning; and not just learning but forgetting. It is easy to take the self for granted, but here is a description of a self in formation, the neocortex, imagination and role of the pineal gland. Biological radiation of living beings (there is a error in the heading I believe*) is fascinating for reasons already acknowledged. Then it is as if time begins and psychological development can begin (life chances permitting). From the author's practice two cycles are illustrated - growth and transformation drawing on Gestalt thought and all referenced. 

Ever since reading on Goethe's part-whole thought I've been aware of mereology. Chapter 3 also examines intrapsychic and social space in respect of part-whole relationships. I'm continuing this journey so it helpful to find the distinction here also.

"According to the resonance principle, identification with key partial aspects can very quickly lead to an unresolved, formative core conflict. In an individual setting, empty chairs or symbolic locations may serve as backdrops for projection. Distance, posture and line of vision are highly relevant in this regard. In a group setting, forms of constellation work with representatives may be more helpful." p.155.

The book's philosophical content is well realised, fused with history and the development of psychology and neurosciences. Plato's cave is explained and related to tabula rasa: the blank slate (3.6.3). I feel I'm in Plato's cave in trying to look at Hodges' model as a mathematical object. There is encouragement too in Hartmann-Kottek identifying the role of blank slate. Hodges' model is also about forgetting, unconditional positive regard hence a blank slate. Chapter 3 concentrates on approaches to explain our development and personality, quantum-theoretic, Far-Eastern traditions, and Western working towards how we achieve coherence as an integral individual, building and relying on inner and external social and interpersonal resources (Fig. 3.4: Tower of consciousness. p.212.). Energy a key in this part of the book, is summarised in a further figure on background dimensions - combining two-axes of Whole-Parts and Space-time - Spaces of possibilities (p.222).

Chapter 4 is a welcome discussion of systems, interspaces, self, communication again through a cultural lens. Chapter 5 would benefit all healthcare students - an understanding of health and illness. While not tackled here - how we integrate and simultaneously address both requirements in service delivery is the challenge of 21st Century health provision? This is higher level from the outset: Attempts at Classification (5.1). While a  traditional book, reading had an immersive feel for me (with many posts on W2tQ): Diagnostic tools, 2-sided understanding of health and illness, the diagnostic, therapeutic (always kept in sight) reversal of symptoms, fields of tension and resources at various stages of development.

For readers looking for actual therapies, chapter 6 is the practical center of the text. The current state of psychotherapy is likened to the blind people trying to find an elephant in the dark. 'Many paths' in a subtitle is welcome, almost suggesting there is scope for all approaches and perhaps they can meet 'somewhere'? Motivations and politicisation aside, the variety of psychotherapeutic are indeed a treasure. They are listed, comprehensively as far as I can see, including many new to me. They are further sub-divided and considered: clusters through time, behavioural, then considered as per depth and effect levels, verbal - non-verbal, emotions, breathing and meditation, variations in consciousness. 

I've considered blind-spots before and highlight Hodges' model as having a role in situational awareness - hence safety and care assurance. Hartmann-Kottek remains grounded in how blind-spots can affect therapists and patients - individually and in alliances. The therapeutic relationship, transference and countertransference are emphasised once again. Compassion too - as part of a credible relationship - with selective authenticity. Technical points are raised too, the use of counterpart in Gestalt therapy. Some 40 pages of chapter 6 are very practical, with exercises and examples of conversations between patient and therapist to illustrate specific approaches and situations. This is far from a specific therapy manual but there is this quality to the content.

 

 'I' - 'Individual' 'SELF' 'Patient' 'Client'

  |

    INTERPERSONAL    :     SCIENCES               

HUMANISTIC --------------------------------------  MECHANISTIC      

SOCIOLOGY  :   POLITICAL 

|

dyad / couple  family  GROUP community population

psycho- symbolic personal meaning emotion lived experience emotional distance	-somatic

*Living near Manchester in NW England, the city's symbol is a bee (industry..). It appears in the text that 'Being' has become 'Beeing' in some instances - so an extra homely feel here.

Many thanks to Prof. Hartmann-Kottek and Springer for the review copy.

One more post to follow.

Hartmann-Kottek, L. (2022). General Psychotherapy, Principles and Common Theoretical Aspects - Rediscovering Humanity. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87466-7

Empty chair image:
https://www.mentalhelp.net/blogs/gestalt-therapy-the-empty-chair-technique/