Diagnosing Corruption in Healthcare - new Transparency International publication

Dear All,

Corruption has become prevalent in healthcare to the point that it is normalised. From the politician to the patient, individuals routinely place their own private interests above public health goals and patient health outcomes. That was the conclusion from speaking to thirty public health experts and anti-corruption specialists across the globe, as part of our most recent research project.

Our earlier research had shown that those working in the healthcare sector have a low understanding of corruption. Previous attempts at providing an overview of the types of corruption in the sector, while providing an excellent resource for those dedicated to the subject, had been complex and lacked comprehensiveness. Our new publication Diagnosing Corruption in Healthcare [http://www.transparency.org.uk/publications/diagnosing-corruption-in-healthcare/], which we launched at the opening session of the World Health Summit yesterday, aims to bring all the relevant information into one space. We have produced a "map" of corruption in healthcare that contains 37 types of corruption that are clustered into eight areas in health systems.

On our new website ti-health.org you can explore the map fully. Take a look at the explanations of each type of corruption, understand better how they occur in practice by examining some case studies, and if you still want to learn more there are links to other resources on the web.

Please also note that we will be publishing an eight-episode podcast series. Each episode will cover one of the eight corruption categories identified in our research. The first episode will be published this Wednesday, providing an introduction to corruption in healthcare and exploring how corruption can occur in the high-level governance of a health system.

We hope that those working in the healthcare sector, from doctors and nurses to company compliance officers and directors, will be able to use this "map" to better understand the corruption risks in the work. We also hope this map will prompt policy makers, in the public health and anti-corruption fields, to tackle this formidable challenge that endangers health outcomes around the world.

Best wishes,

Sophie

Sophie Peresson
Director
Pharmaceuticals & Healthcare Programme
Transparency International UK

Be GREEN, keep it on the SCREEN
Healthcare. Environment. Media. Education. Business. #TransparencyMatters to us all. Tell us your story here .

HIFA profile: Sophie Peresson is Director of the Pharmaceutical & Healthcare Programme, Transparency International, UK. Email address: sophie.peresson AT transparency.org.uk

My source: HIFA: Healthcare Information For All: www.hifa.org

Sociology: Open access resources and course materials - BUP

As an introduction to our publishing in Sociology -

 https://bristoluniversitypressdigital.com/subject/SOC-Taster-Collection 

 

- we curated a collection of free and open access books and chapters that we think will contribute to your reading lists. Our growing list has a global outlook featuring high-quality research across emerging and established areas in the field, such as migration, gender, education, ageing, science and technology, death and culture, activism and organizing, race and ethnicity, decolonization, public sociology and children and families.

Highlights from the collection include:

• Permanent Racism: Race, Class and the Myth of Postracial Britain
  https://bristoluniversitypressdigital.com/display/book/9781447360193/ch001.xml?rskey=3Kdr6W&result=21?utm_source=listserv&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Sociology-2026

• The Politics of Intersectional Practice: Representation, Coalition and Solidarity in UK NGOs
  https://bristoluniversitypressdigital.com/edcollchap/book/9781529247220/int001.xml?rskey=L6cpzn&result=1?utm_source=listserv&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Sociology-2026

• Welcoming Cities: How Newcomers Shape Urban Policy Making
  https://bristoluniversitypressdigital.com/monochap/book/9781447378457/int001.xml?rskey=L6cpzn&result=4?utm_source=listserv&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Sociology-2026
  
  
• Emotions in Crisis: Youth and Social Change in Spain
  https://bristoluniversitypressdigital.com/monochap/book/9781529235050/int001.xml?rskey=NiTJML&result=20?utm_source=listserv&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Sociology-2026
  
  
• Navigating Contemporary Fatherhood in Europe: Care and Involvement in Everyday Life
  https://bristoluniversitypressdigital.com/edcollchap/book/9781529247220/int001.xml?rskey=L6cpzn&result=1?utm_source=listserv&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Sociology-2026
  
  
• The Digital Transformation of the European Border Regime: The Powers and Perils of Imagining Future Borders
  https://bristoluniversitypressdigital.com/monochap/book/9781529235227/ch001.xml?rskey=CvpInL&result=18?utm_source=listserv&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Sociology-2026

Please feel free to share this collection with your network and your students. Chapters that are not perpetually open access will be free to download until end of March 2026

Our aim is to ensure that the vital work of our authors reaches the lecturers, researchers and policymakers who can use it to drive meaningful, real-world change.

You can request access to our full Sociology Collection

https://bristoluniversitypressdigital.com/subject/SOC-Collection?utm_source=listserv&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Sociology-2026 - via your institution’s library. 

We offer tiered pricing on our collections tailored to smaller organisations and their libraries. For more details, institutions can contact our team at bup-digital AT bristol.ac.uk.

You may also be interested in our Sociology journals - 

https://bristoluniversitypressdigital.com/page/journals?utm_source=listserv&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Sociology-2026 - including:

• Open access Global Social Challenges Journal
  https://bristoluniversitypressdigital.com/gsc/view/journals/gscj/gscj-overview.xml?utm_source=listserv&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Sociology-2026
  
  
• Consumption and Society
  https://bristoluniversitypressdigital.com/view/journals/consoc/consoc-overview.xml?utm_source=listserv&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Sociology-2026
  
  
• Gender and Justice
  https://bristoluniversitypressdigital.com/view/journals/gj/gj-overview.xml?utm_source=listserv&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Sociology-2026
  <https://bristoluniversitypressdigital.com/view/journals/gj/gj-overview.xml?utm_source=CRM&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Sociology-2026 ​​​

Publish with us: If you are writing in this field, consider publishing your work with an ethical university press. To discuss your publishing projects, please contact our editor emily.ross AT bristol.ac.uk.

Looking forward to hearing your thoughts and please don’t hesitate to reach out if you have any questions.

Kind regards,

Bahar Celik Muller - Senior Marketing Executive

Bahar Muller - Senior Marketing Executive

New books

Liberation and Corruption: Why Freedom Movements Fail

by Peter Hain
https://policy.bristoluniversitypress.co.uk/trade/liberation-and-corruption?utm_source=signature&utm_medium=signature&utm_campaign=BUP-email-signature

Reckoning: Creating Positive Change Through Radical Empathy

by Terri Givens
https://policy.bristoluniversitypress.co.uk/trade/reckoning?utm_source=signature&utm_medium=signature&utm_campaign=BUP-email-signature 

Mind the Inclusion Gap: How Allies Can Bridge the Divide Between Talking Diversity and Taking Action

by Suzy Levy
https://policy.bristoluniversitypress.co.uk/trade/mind-the-inclusion-gap?utm_source=signature&utm_medium=signature&utm_campaign=BUP-email-signature 

White Privilege: The myth of a post-racial society

by Kalwant Bhopal
https://policy.bristoluniversitypress.co.uk/trade/white-privilege-1?utm_source=signature&utm_medium=signature&utm_campaign=BUP-email-signature 

Our charity for 2025 is Bristol Refugee Rights. Find out more and donate here
https://bristoluniversitypress.co.uk/charity?utm_source=signature&utm_medium=signature&utm_campaign=BUP-email-signature

 

My source: https://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/cgi-bin/webadmin?A0=EUROPEAN-SOCIOLOGIST

MEMO TO: New College of Humanities and London Interdisciplinary School

Re. "Introduction to Lifelong Learning 101"

Since 1998, when I first went 'online' I've always been conscious of etiquette and note how this has changed - developed - over the years. The email associated with the former website domain p-jones.demon.co.uk saw a lot of emails to quite a diverse range of mail lists. Should I? Should I not? These questions remain a key consideration in trying to spread the thought and word on Hodges' model.

Stepping on toes a couple of times, someone also asked about links to blog posts on LinkedIn. Not had those queries recently so I think readers understand the 2x2 table is critical to the post in representing the model. Twitter presents its own challenges [ #WasteOfTime ]. So please pardon my shouting, but there's an important message here about an important resource.

I've lapsed again with no progress on the new site - maybe it is not just vapourware but a dream.

The creation of new education institutions: 

the New College of Humanities and London Interdisciplinary School

- is encouraging for the work here:

"The London Interdisciplinary School wants its students to be problem solvers with a wide range of academic interests."
(Nicola Woolcock, Polymaths plan to teach universities a thing or two. The Times, October 2, 2021. p.17.)

Does it, really - and by implication the NCH, plus New Model Institute for Technology and Engineering (NMITE) and others?

The Times Education Commission with proposals for reform due in June, adds further impetus and evidence ...

I read this evidence as supporting the argument that education and health are and always will be 'legacy issues', that is in need of change, investment, policy. All disciplines of study and knowledge are always dynamic and should be challenging, personally and collectively.

If institutions can distract themselves from fiscal incentive of the bums on seats for a few moments and policy makers look up from the dotting of  I's and crossing of T's then student's learning can be energised by Hodges' model: a generic bootstrap for lifelong learning.

Just to be clear. This model is NOT about boxes, it is about being aware of boundaries and being prepared to cross and use these journeys.

In the 21st century we are humbled by what now constitutes the pantology - the system of all knowledge. No individual can take in - apprehend and master it all, but we should have a means to at least conceptually touch this incredible gift.

INDIVIDUAL

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 INTERPERSONAL    :     SCIENCES               

HUMANISTIC --------------------------------------  MECHANISTIC      

SOCIOLOGY  :   POLITICAL 

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GROUP

Education Philosophy (Ethics, Logic) Psychology: (Applied, Child, Clinical, Criminal - Forensic, Occupational, Artificial Intelligence ... Cognitive Sciences Theology Arts Creativity and Design Eco-Anxiety Happiness - Metrics ...	Sciences: Biology, Physics, Chemistry* Health: (Medicine, Nursing ...) Occupational Professions Computer Science, Information Mathematics [macro - nano] Engineering Architecture Design and Creativity Environmental Studies Hydrology Land use: Forestry ...
Arts (Music, Dance, Drama ...) Literature Anthropology, Archaelogy Languages Ancient-History, History Future Studies Social Work Sociology (Culture, Ethnography ...) Anthropology Gender Studies Philanthropy ...	Politics, Government Security Law & Crime - Fraud/Corruption Policing - Law Enforcement News and Media studies Political Science - Citizenry Economics Socio-Economics International Development Peace Studies Administration Leadership and Management War and Conflict ...

I am pleased to see that the post re. Nicholas Maxwell's work is popular here:

"How Universities Have Betrayed Reason and Humanity—And What's to Be Done About It" c/o Nicholas Maxwell 

*So many sub-disciplines: Climate studies, Epidemiology, Marine biology, Quantum Computing / Physics, Exobiology, Astronomy, Materials, Demographics, Geology, Genomics, Cybernetics, Systems, Epigenetics, Exobiology, Neuroscience, Public (Mental) Health, Allied Health Professions ...

Truth & Democracy: '300 grammes' - The Daphne Foundation

I remember seeing a documentary, hearing on the radio and reading in the FT about the murder of Daphne Caruana Galizia, who was a journalist in Malta. I was shocked that this could happen in Malta. The British, naval - colonial connections, its being in Europe and the EU. The lesson being of course, that we must take nothing for granted and exercise constant vigilence to protect law and justice. 

'Courage' is often described as a personal and professional quality for nurses.

For journalists as the news  reveals each and every day - it is the first.

Individual

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      INTERPERSONAL    :     SCIENCES               

HUMANISTIC  --------------------------------------  MECHANISTIC      

 SOCIOLOGY  :    POLITICAL 

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Group

Daphne	'The bomb was packed into a steel container, placed beneath my mother's car seat, and detonated remotely just down the road from our home in Bidnija. It contained around 300 grammes of military-grade explosive. I didn't know the weight until this trial. But I already knew what it destroyed.'
Caruana Galizia daughter sister wife mother grandmother friend neighbour colleague citizen ...	'There was something else I didn't know before this trial. The two medics who conducted my mother's autopsy said they found her heart was, incredibly, "intact" - and that it weighed 300 grammes. The same weight used to kill her was the weight of what endured.'

Paul Caruana Galizia. Opinion: Corruption - What Malta owes my murdered mother, FTWeekend. 14-15 June 2025, p.10.

https://www.ft.com/content/3f5012a6-a358-48a9-a72f-9d2ae530878b

See also: The Daphne Caruana Galizia Foundation

Acknowledgement and thanks to Paul Caruna Galizia.

Paper: Geopolitical factors and mental health I [mapped to h2cm]

" ... we propose that mental health must be seen as a key strategic goal of foreign policy and be used as a measure of success of the foreign aid to ensure that individual people with mental illness are guaranteed a role and support in the civil society and their needs – clinical or social – do not get swept under the carpet. To this end, we examine some key statistics and to address the mental health needs of those worst placed, we propose an index – the Compassion, Action, Pragmatism and Evidence (CAPE) Vulnerability Index – that identifies the most vulnerable communities so that international aid may be more appropriately targeted, possibly ‘ring fenced’ making mental health a strategic building block of foreign policy." p.779.

individual

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INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES

humanistic ----------------------------------------------- mechanistic

SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL

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group

wither mental health in relief, shorter life compared with general population,  poverty including  As a child As an adult Vicious cycle 1: Disaster experiences - mental health Traumatic Stress Disorder**

Natural & man-made disasters, health crises, e.g. Ebola, Conflict, War Climate warming Humanitarian intervention: Emphasis on physical survival and physical health Statistics: globally Proposed index: the Compassion, Action, Pragmatism and Evidence (CAPE) Vulnerability Index – that identifies the most vulnerable communities

Vicious cycle 1: [**Intergenerational transmission of stress and trauma - Epigenetics, social memory]  Social upheaval, migration and displacement mental illnesses assoc with social failures such as poor parenting, school failure, domestic violence and toxic stress, impacted prospects on earning a living, stigma social exclusion Social Determinants of Health Displacement refugees, poverty, women, children,  trafficking, rape

Foreign Policy Relief: mental illness = denial of - human rights, vote, marriage, inheritance, make a will Vicious cycle 2: corruption - inequality sequestration of assets crime, law & order Disaster ('declaration') Mental health problems cost the world some US$2.5 trillion per year  (US$16.1 trillion by 2030) Foreign aid & assistance Foreign policy Populism

Persaud, A. et al. (2018) Geopolitical factors and mental health I. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 64(8) 778–785. DOI: 10.1177/0020764018808548
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0020764018808548?journalCode=ispa&

n.b. I have added epigenetics and the intergenerational transmission of stress and trauma.

Theory on Demand #29 Good Data

GOOD DATA

"Data can have power in numbers. Not only in the literal sense, rather, just as repeat - ability is important, so aggregation and meta-analysis of repeated and comparable studies acts to reduce the uncertainty of individual studies. Cochrane reviews in medical research carry a good deal of weight for this reason and are considered 'gold standard'.33 These reviews reduce the influence of individual companies or vested interests, and lead to more informed health policy." (p.48).

"Those questions underpin a consideration of contemporary genomic initiatives, particularly those that are marketed as 'recreational genomics', and gene patents such as those held by Myriad Inc. More broadly they underpin thought about population-scale health data initiatives such as the UK care.data program that, as discussed below, encountered fundamental difficulties because bureaucratic indifference to consent eroded its perceived legitimacy."54 (p.144).

See other TOD titles c/o The Institute of Network Cultures (INC)

individual

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INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES

humanistic ----------------------------------------------- mechanistic

SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL

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group

Something you know values value personal ethics ('good' data = 'here'?)	biometrics: Something you are Something you have  (proximity = 'are' + 'have')? 'open data index'
social activism social assets social capital social data social ends social (collective) ethics social good social justice social media(?) social science	data: "power in numbers" values value bureaucratic ethics audit records security corruption

My source: https://twitter.com/ArnaldoPellini/status/1089196464310501377

Identity, entity and continuity - c/o Evans (2009)

"Many things are defined by their identity, and not by any attribute. In our typical conception, a person ... has an identity that stretches from birth to death and even beyond. That person's physical attributes transform and ultimately disappear. The name may change. Financial relationships come and go. There is not a single attribute of a person that cannot change; yet the identity persists. Am I the same person I was at age five? This kind of metaphysical question is important in the search for effective domain models. Slightly rephrased: Does the user of the application care if I am the same person I was at age five? 

A conceptual identity has to be matched between multiple implementations of the objects, its stored forms, and real-world actors such as a phone caller. Attributes may not match." p.90.

"Object modeling tends to lead us to focus on the attributes of an object, but the fundamental concept of an ENTITY is an abstract continuity threading through a life cycle and even passing through multiple forms.

"Some objects are not defined primarily by their attributes. They represent a thread of identity that runs through time and often across distinct representations. Sometimes such an object must be matched with another object even though the attributes differ. An object must be distinguished from other objects even though they might have the same attributes. Mistaken identity can lead to data corruption.

An object defined primarily by its identity is called an ENTITY. ...

Domain-Driven Design

Of course, most "ENTITIES" in a software system are not people or entities in the usual sense of the word. An ENTITY is anything that has continuity through a life cycle and distinctions independent of attributes that are important to the application's user. It could be a person, a city, a car, a lottery ticket, or a bank transaction." p.91.

Eric Evans, (2009). Domain-Driven Design: Tackling Complexity in the Heart of Software, Model-Driven Design. Addison-Wesley.
[Emboldened text as per book.]

PUBLIC VICES: The individual and collective dimensions of civic and epistemic vices

1-2 October 2021, Università di Genova, Genova (Italy)

Keynote speakers:

Heather D. Battaly                 (University of Connecticut)
Emanuela Ceva                    (University of Geneva)
Fabienne Peter                    (University of Warwick)

Alessandra Tanesini            (Cardiff University)

CFA:

The conference aims to bring together political and moral philosophers to discuss key civic and epistemic vices, to assess their corrupting impact on public life, and to devise effective countermeasures.

Political deliberation is increasingly characterized by epistemic vices, e.g. inaccuracy (Chambers 2020), arrogance (Tanesini 2018), closed-mindedness (Battaly 2020) and epistemic insouciance (Cassam 2018). Consequently, many citizens worry that the public sphere is being polluted by an unprecedented number of misleading claims and inaccurate statements (Matsa and Shearer, 2018; Mitchell et al., 2016, 2019). Furthermore, certain epistemic vices could even compromise the legitimacy of democratic deliberation (Peter 2020).

On the other side, the conference will focus on civic vices. There has been a growing debate on civic virtues which facilitate public life (Croce & Vaccarezza 2018), e.g. prudence (Ottonelli 2018), effectiveness (Zuolo 2020), resilience (Snow 2018) or civic friendship (Schwarzenbach 1996). Yet, comparably less attention has been paid to civic vices, which are not limited to the negative side of civic virtues, but include new character traits with dangerous impact on democratic well-functioning e.g. hyperbolic partisanship (Muirhead 2010), polarization (Aikin & Talisse 2020), radicalization (Waldner and Lust 2018, 109), or corruption (Ceva & Ferretti 2017, 2021).

We welcome submissions relevant to this research aim, broadly construed. Possible topics include, but are not limited to, the following questions:

• What are civic and epistemic vices? What is the harm in them?
• Are individuals blameworthy for the development of civic and epistemic vices?
• Are there genuinely collective civic and epistemic vices?
• How do civic and epistemic vices impact democratic politics?
• How can civic and epistemic vices be curtailed or corrected?
• Are there specific virtues that should be cultivated among democratic citizens?
• Under what conditions could these be fostered?
• Where does the responsibility lie for rectifying civic and epistemic vices?
• What institutional mechanisms, if any, should be ordained to control civic and epistemic vices?

To apply for the conference, send an abstract (500 words) to: callpublicvices AT gmail.com by June 30. Notification of acceptance will be sent within a month.

COVID DISCLAIMER: the conference is organized aiming for personal attendance, as vaccination should have reached significant levels in Italy by the end of September. If circumstances require it, we will consider online alternatives or a hybrid format.

Organizing Committee: Valeria Ottonelli, Angelo Campodonico, Maria Silvia Vaccarezza, Federico Zuolo, Carlo Burelli, Carline Klijnman.

This workshop is part of a PRIN research project: Deceit and Self-Deception. How We Should Address Fake News and Other Cognitive Failures of the Democratic Public (www.deceitproject.com) and it is supported by Aretai Center on Virtues (www.aretaicenter.com).

My source: 

Philos-L "The Liverpool List" run by the Department of Philosophy, University of Liverpool https://www.liverpool.ac.uk/philosophy/philos-l/

Environment, Social, Governance [ESG]

As Greeta Thunberg arrives in New York for the:

CLIMATE ACTION SUMMIT, 23 SEPTEMBER 2019

... it is interesting to consider not just where 'health' sits within business and commerce, but the themes and issues that it has reached. Now, we are more aware of the dependencies, for example air quality, physical and mental health, but we are still to finish the chapter titled: "The Damage Done".

'Capitalism' remains rapacious in terms of resource use (ironically if the market and prices are cyclical) and we must acknowledge all of economics, from stock exchanges, to cities, to villages in developing countries, but the challenge remains to transform the geometry of our economics to that of a sustainable circle. As per the climate debate, in some instances, we might close certain industries and leave some classes of minerals, elements, fossil fuels in the ground. We should accept that while some economies are more circular than others, sometimes you cannot circle a square?

Below is an investment hierarchy in which I have highlighted health. Education, literacy and environmental awareness are, if not issues (which they are, especially their respective economics) they are much needed individual actions to achieve progress.

The media notes that next month's summit will include 'world leaders'. I wonder how many business leaders will be present? This would be an indicator of corporate social responsibility, looking very positive in the annual report (even if the self-regulation has not yet achieved homeostatis). If you can advise with figures, or if I find the information later next month I will post here.

MSCI ESG Key Issue Hierarchy

3 Pillars	10 Themes	37 ESG Key Issues
Environment	Climate change	Carbon emissions  Product carbon footprint  Financing environmental impact Climate change vulnerability
	Natural resources	Water stress  Biodiversity & land use  Raw material sourcing
	Pollution & waste	Toxic emissions & waste   Electronic waste Packaging  Material & Waste
	Environmental opportunities	Clean tech  Green building   Renewable energy
Social	Human capital	Labor management   Health & safety Human capital development Supply chain labor standards
	Product liability	Product safety & quality  Chemical safety Financial product safety  Privacy & data security  Responsible investment  Health & demographic risk
	Stakeholder opposition	Controversial Sourcing
	Social opportunities	Access to communications  Access to Health care Access to finance   Nutrition & Health
Governance	Corporate governance*	Board* Pay* Ownership* Accounting*
	Corporate behavior	Business ethics Anti-competitive practices Tax transparency Corruption & instability Financial system instability

* Corporate Governance Theme carries weight in the ESG Rating model for all companies. In 2018, we introduce subscores for each of the four underlying issues: Board, Pay, Ownership, and Accounting. https://www.msci.com/documents/10199/123a2b2b-1395-4aa2-a121-ea14de6d708a

My source (MSCI ESG Key Issue Hierarchy p.27):

Norrington, J. (2019) Future Proof Investments, Investors Chronicle, 18-25 April. pp.24-28.

Self to Other: Forms of 'imagination'

Book: "The Sociological Imagination"

INDIVIDUAL

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INTER-PERSONAL : SCIENCES

HUMANISTIC -------------------------------------------------- MECHANISTIC

SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL

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GROUP

Self Person Biography imagination and creativity individual values Sociologist C. Wright Mills, who created the concept and wrote the definitive book about it, defined the sociological imagination as “the vivid awareness of the relationship  between [individual] experience ...	'Thought experiment'
...and the wider society." (Crossman, 2019). Charles Wright Mills (1916-1962) The Sociological Imagination, 1959	Political  imagination ACTION! growth climate change universal health care antibiotic resistance pollution corruption fake news

My source:
Dillow, C. (2019) The demise of growth stocks, Investors Chronicle, 13-19 December, 210:2680, pp.16-17.

Additional links:

C.Wright Mills: On Intellectual Craftsmanship

Posted on November 4, 2010 by Thomas Brett

https://brettworks.com/2010/11/04/c-wright-mills-on-intellectual-craftsmanship/

Crossman, Ashley. "Definition of the Sociological Imagination and Overview of the Book." ThoughtCo, Oct. 25, 2019, thoughtco.com/sociological-imagination-3026756

Blog Action Day 15 October: Poverty - Hodges' model

The table below indicates some of the main concepts and concerns that surround poverty presented using the four care domains of Hodges' model:

INTERPERSONAL : SCIENCES SOCIOLOGY : POLITICAL

Well-being, mental health, mood, hope, human spirit. Education - literacies: 3Rs, ICT, social, visual, spiritual, health.... human potential, premature death, personal choices & autonomy. ability to work, philanthropy, disability, gender, LEARNING - UNLEARNING, adversity, personal development, making a difference - Giving. Awareness of poverty. Attitudes, beliefs, sustainability.

Physical health, nutrition, DIAGNOSES: infectious diseases - diarrhoeal illness, malaria, tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS. Infant / maternal mortality. Water. Natural resources, fuel, crops, disasters. Geography, global warming, climate change, gender, age. WHO regional-global reporting, ICD. Complexity. Research: Dimensions of Poverty - "The human development index (HDI) includes income, longevity and education. This paper contends that poverty extends beyond these domains. It explores dimensions of poverty that poor people value, but for which little or no data is available."

Shelter, housing, schools, local environment, social inclusion, work, social mobility, homelessness, stigma (poverty as a disease?), media, major - national & global fund-raising events. Access to information and communications technology. Dependency. Social justice. Social Impact Analysis (PSIA) Religion, humanitarianism, fatalism, leisure. http://www.poverty.com/

HUMAN RIGHTS, LAW, POLICY, U.N., FUNDING, GLOBAL ECONOMICS, MDG 2015. Governance. DEFINITIONS: Relative poverty, absolute poverty, exclusion. effects of globalisation, industrialisation, urbanisation, conflict, refugees, migration, loss of statehood, immigration, professional migration, corruption, economic costs, welfare, benefits, income thresholds, min. wage, inflation, poverty indicators, GDP, major philanthropic programmes, charities, NGOs. social exclusion, unemployment, 'knowledge' economy - learning disability, pension economics, micro lending. International Aid: Official Development Assistance 0.7% national targets.

Global Patient Centricity - Global Frameworks for Health Q+A c/o Ryan Robertson

In my inbox today was a question from Ryan Robertson sent through LinkedIn. Many thanks Ryan for the question and the go-ahead for the post here:

Question Details:
--------------------
Global Patient Centricity

If we are one of the most dominant nations (UK) based on OUR ability to provide Total Patient Care, considering we run the Public Sector National Programme for IT/Connecting for Health, largest Public Sector programme in the world to be implemented, then why have we not come together as an International consortium to better enhance Global Patient Centricity?

Last month I started a thread on global health, now Ryan's timely question has helped me think beyond butterflies:

Hi Ryan

My response would be that yes the horses are in the starting gate, but globally the gate is staggered and not just to allow for the curvature of the Earth.

Much of what follows you may have figured already of course....

The staggered gates is a reason to do this as much as a barrier. Initiatives-tools like GAPMINDER show the great variation in infrastructure, finance and supplier-customer proximity (to be socio-technical - you can't do this remotely), national politics and priorities (the government - SA Aids?), demographics - 'national' priorities (public involvement), information standards, intellectual property, legal frameworks, languages (one country-many languages), coding & classification (clearly there are some excellent resources already available - ICD, SNOMED...), ability to use intelligence (backend data), interface, safety[!] and so the list goes on.

There are signs of pubescent stirrings. The six billion+ humongous hum of hormones is working some real magic as in addition to WHO, UNESCO... there are various international consortia covering education, epidemiology, coding and classification - helping to bring global standards and scalability. The recent rise of funding from rich benefactors is another significant factor.

I'm working on a paper at present - socio-technical structures - and undoubtedly culture figures very large here. Relationships matter and do vary in how they are defined, so when we talk about the demographics component how do you manage the 'pick and mix' sensitively? The software would have to be Internationalised in new ways (that makes role based access look easy-peasy). Some countries comprise many distinct cultures that seek to retain their 'independence' and identity. Ethnic medicine is not just a fashion, it needs to be sustained like the environments native people inhabit.

Speaking of natives - selling the global ideal to the 'public' # is itself a fascinating question; especially given the (on-going) issue of clinical and public engagement in England.

The solutions suppliers of course (and bio-medtech industry) seek to 'add value' to their services through communications, consultancy, life-cycle management, training... They are after all corporate not social enterprises. Not all global users may be willing to 'underwrite' these extras? However, from a corporate and social responsibility perspective should the suppliers devote a (derived) percentage to support those nations at a certain (dynamic) threshold? That threshold could also be subject to 'rewards' if the government gets to grips with corruption, infrastructure, public health education, and EDUCATION... Definitions of 'government' are key here with some debate online this past week - is a benevolent dictator better than a corrupt-puppet democracy?

If time permitted I'd like to work on Hodges' model as a global framework to underpin global health. I've an embryonic global frameworks group c/o some 22nd C. thinkers and doers at Global Alliance for Nursing and Midwifery Communities of Practice (GANM), but the h2cm blog (and now Drupal) has rather taken me over. Please find below some web links to related groups. There are many others - medical, voluntary.... If you have any suggestions - I've added the h2cm POLITICAL domain links page below also.

Your question Ryan could also be related to the global citizenry movement.# Citizenry is a loaded term for (the) many, but governments need to be held to account. Economies need to be re-engineered. Would-be consumers need to be headed off at the pass (teach your children to sing NOT consume beyond their needs) to address climate change, quality of life and HEALTH FOR ALL.

For all my previous sounding on cognitive therapy and the primary-secondary care sectors, people need to leave school with a basic understanding of stress, thoughts and beliefs. Well-being needs to be the order of the day and night.

Well-being + Global Patient (Public-Citizen?) Centricity [Health Education]

= Global Personal Actors (with everyone playing their part whatever their ability)

As evidence for the staggered starting gates you could point to various nations and their need to focus on reproductive health, malaria, AIDS.... In terms of intervention and OUR notion of personal health record does the record start and end with the individual? Is there a need in some situations to focus more on the family, community? Once some equivalence is achieved then the Open Source movement may also have a look in, complementing the traditional suppliers. IMHO Hodges' model is a global framework with great potential - there are bound to be others out there across the oceans, across borders and across time.

Thanks again for asking the question Ryan, I'll do a blog post on this - do you mind if I mention you as initiating the above?

Hope this helps - there's a paper in your question!

Best regards

Peter

Image source: Attila Szegedi - Butterfly fractals

APPGs - All Party Parliamentary Groups (Revisited: One-By-One ...?)

Previously in "How many APPGs does your Garden Grow?", I wondered about the number and variety of APPGs related to health and social care. How do they integrate their work, the inputs, outputs and impact on legislation, policy, safety, standards, delivery of care and sustainability in the future? 

A selection of APPGs includes:

APPG on 22q11 Syndrome
APPG on Access to Medicines and Medical Devices
APPG on Acquired Brain Injury
APPG on Adult Social Care
APPG on Ageing and Older People
APPG on Air Pollution
APPG on Allergy
APPG on Antibiotics
APPG on Arts, Health and Wellbeing 
APPG on Autism
APPG on Axial Spondyloarthritis
APPG on Baby Loss
APPG on Beauty, Aesthetics and Wellbeing
APPG on Black Maternal Health
APPG on Bladder and Bowel Continence Care
APPG on Blood Cancer
APPG on Brain Tumours
APPG on Breast Cancer
APPG on Bullying
APPG on Cancers
APPG on Carbon Monoxide
APPG on Cardiac Risk in the Young
APPG on Carers
APPG on Cerebral Palsy
APPG on Childhood Trauma
APPG on Children of Alcoholics
APPG on Children who Need Palliative Care
APPG on Children, Teenagers and Young Adults with Cancer
APPG on Cleaning and Hygiene
APPG on Complex Need and Dual Diagnosis
APPG on Coronavirus
APPG on Dementia and Adult Social Care
APPG on Dementia
APPG on Dentistry and Oral Health
APPG on Disability
APPG on Down Syndrome
APPG on Dyslexia and Other Specific Learning Difficulties
APPG on Eating Disorders
APPG on Extreme Poverty
APPG on Eye Health and Visual Impairment
APPG on Food and Health
[APPG on Further Education and Lifelong Learning]
APPG on Gaps in Support
APPG on Global Health
APPG on Health
APPG on Health and the Natural Environment
APPG on Health in all Policies
APPG on Health Infrastructure
APPG on HIV and AIDS
APPG on Learning Disability
APPG on Multiple Sclerosis
APPG on PANS and PANDAS
APPG on Parkinson's
APPG on Terminal Illness
APPG on Water, Sanitation and Hygiene
[APPG on Whistleblowing]
APPG on Yoga in Society
APPG on Young People's Health

There is a 'full' register at:

https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm/cmallparty/220323/register-220323.pdf

Revisiting the previous post and its list of APPGs, extended above, you can see some obvious potential sources of influence for several APPGs.

Scanning the register with the list of APPG by countries, I was disappointed not to see Earth, or Gaia listed. But then they are probably not recognised as 'political' entities? Which is the ongoing challenge in the climate crisis (recognition of ecocide?). 

What about, more reasonably 'Global Health'? This was not listed as a country, but further reading is rewarded. There it is - 'Global Health':

https://globalhealth.inparliament.uk/

[ The link in the register is currently broken. ]

I should have remembered this APPG having posted before:

https://hodges-model.blogspot.com/2016/10/triple-impact-nursing.html

On the radio this past week I heard mention of Transparency International and published recommendations to control lobbying, prevent corruption and malign influences of sponsorship.

See also:

"APPGs scandal: MP reveals how lobby firm tried to use her to influence Parliament"

https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/dark-money-investigations/appgs-scandal-mp-reveals-lobby-firm-tried-influence-parliament-alison-thewliss-snp/

This post also helps inform a paper on Hodges' model, Early Intervention in Psychoses and research.

There are so many APPGs related to health, and associated with the purposes of Hodges' model.

One discovery - I must follow the APPG on Health Infrastructure.